THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



[Feb. 24, 



i Statute Book. The ; 

 since King George II. j 

 ) exceeds 4000. The 



many square mnes, wmcu iorruenj my "^"-j »"** 

 during the same period been fenced and carefully tilled 

 by the proprietors, without any application to the legis- 

 lature, can only be conjectured ; but it seems highly 

 probable that a fourth part of Eugland lias been, iu the 



into a garden. Even in those parts of the kingdom 



which at the end of the reign of Charles II. (1685) were 



farming, though greatly im- 



I J," day ineffectual steps have 



. i»n must 



cd j Highest At present an average crop of Wheat, Bye, 



, and Beans is supposed e 



, -0,000 of quarters. The crop of Wheat 



,; r would be thought poor if it did not exceed 12,000,000 



. According. to the computation made in the 



' : i ypuitiigr oi 



'- Wle.it, Rye, Barley, O.J.:, and Ika:.- 



-''' n .-.< niii-l. .ban 10,000,000 



30 of quarters. The Wheat, which was tl 



' j rnly mi (ho strongest clay, and consume . 





■•:.., 





own, indeed, that some vegetables 

 itk-ularly the Tur- 



ot yet the custom to feed cattle in 



ring the season when the Grass is 

 3 killed in great numbers, and salted 



ly any fresh animal 

 and river fish, which were conse- 

 e important articles in housekeeping 



■ 



scanty. They wen 

 food except game 





Th« arable land and 



mi pasture land were 



computations are strongly confirmed by 

 s and maps of the 17th century. From 



■ 



, ana Bean fields, then ran through 

 wamp. and warren. In the draw- 

 dscapes made in that age for the 

 »earce a hedgerow ia to be seen, 

 ■ uuivation, appear 

 y Plain. At E: 



pital, was a regi«,u of .;> miles in 

 >> °' n •'•' ' • ■ ■ ■ :■ :. lu.-ts in.) 

 »«1 field*. I) r, as free as ban 



and there are a few points in it upon which I wish tc 

 ■ That the value of agricultural produce "far exceeded 

 1685, is nothing surprising; for ^TuL^b^ 

 (vol. i., p 415) that « four-fifths of the common people 

 were employed in agriculture." But at the present 

 - ■ ' '■ ;- ■■.:' . .. i 



'■■•'•■•;■-. -'.- .:'. . >■: 



maintains ita marked superiority of value over manu- 



Uctures, for we find from "IS,.. 



Tables for 1842 " that the amount of manufacturer 



re than 300,000,000?. 

 i 1085, half the land 



England is (see Porter's 



'Progress of the Natioi 



oi every j« w bj , 

 the races the p^ 



. : 



llll§§ 



fully tilled by tlw^rowEq'J;f^J enCed a "v Ca * e " 

 to the Legislature." ' ° Ut any a PP llc ation 



employed in" agSture ^tni"^ ™ ^ ° f , pe F SOn9 



! .boiu-'i, in ir-- . ' ' number of farm- 



bers so emp.o ed a t t PriTtr„ thm p "f ^ U ™' 

 approximafe the trift^tll^tKtff 

 5 25oS^ PUla ?° n ° f ^ nd S 1685 amounted m 



So that probably the i 

 lugland, with those few fa: 

 id not engage in farming, 

 or in those days the co 

 impared with hi3 postenl 

 merally under the necess 

 iterruption, on his estate. 



. 

 ade bargains c 





~ . !"■ "f °* ' J • ne examine 

 P'gs, and on market <H 

 ard with drovers and H«J 

 tter of a farm-yard gather? 

 dchamber.andtheCakhZ 



daughter wi 



the l. 5eut day. i e;> stKchcd and spun., bi 



. ... : ;_ 



■ in pistv."— Pase 319. 



. 



fortably. Its childi 

 hold of the priest became more s 

 Holes appeared more and more pla 

 his parsonage, and in his single ca 



Ills 



f up a family « 



: swine, and bj 

 In daily bread. 







= v iv- 



Tne yeomanry, " an eminently manly and true-hearted- 

 race," were " petty proprietors who cultivated their 

 own fields, and enjoyed a modest competence. . . . 

 Not less than 160,000 proprietors who, with their 

 families, must have made up more than a seventh of the 

 whole population, derived their subsistence from little 

 freehold estates. The average income of these small 

 landowners wa3 estimated at between 60/. and 7W 

 a year. It was computed that the number of persoa 

 who occupi d th.'ir own land was greater than the 

 number of those who farmed the land of others."— P. 334. 



Since then nearly the whole rural population were 



reckoning the agricukui.. s t-.na > r families in 1 

 at 4,000,000. And considering that the number of own- 



..... 

 1 (in England) nearly 3,300,000, the farm labourers 

 gardeners (males above 20), 766,989. It would 



i 1841 then 

 res, or 1 to 

 ring proof c< 



I, now 3,300,000 a: 



sufficient for 15,000,000. A 



millions of acres only produced food enough for » 

 population of 5,250,000, now 25,632,000 acres produce 

 nearly enough for 15,000,000. " 



i able to grow food neaiij 

 sed U food e: 



} person, in the latter 3 2 



3 much of the fa: U 



them. That so much has b 



lot exceed! us- ""^ 

 1 2*. C to S the 6 farmer PJ 

 'mtLsUS'lS" 



xx., 51). In France 5 million fi 

 are engaged in farming ; in Am i ; 



5Sl C ?u tUr rior*Son? a"ricuUure 6 ?o° thSt ot *«« 



tors, aXtothat of'alUhe wS-ld at tl e 1 i e 1 1 



a he application ot capital to laua naviug «• -- ^ 

 a good deal canvassed, and having myself tor 

 time past considered the subject with increasing^ 

 tion, I am induced to offer a few remarks on theJJ 

 ployment of capital and labour to the fullest ex ^ 

 which it is capable iu developing the power aj^ 

 sources of the soil. In doing so, it is not so ta ^ 

 consideration of the size of farms to which I wo u^,^ 



intelligence, and labour combined, may best . c °" !*# 



a remunerating 



with the agriei 



times have been afforded 



he t'rue soul** 



body, opport 



