THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



ON THE ODOURS OF PLANTS AND THE 

 MODE OF OBTAINING THEM. 



pleasure and profit in the end than that of rearing them 

 for the sake of their perfumes. The mode of abstract- 

 ing these delightful lragrances from the various parts 

 of the plants which yield them, and isolating them so 

 that they may be applied to the various purposes re- 

 quired, is the main branch of the art of perfumery. 

 The origin of this, like many other arts, is lost in the 

 depth of its antiquity ; it was certainly known to a 

 moderate extent before the ( 



the temples of all religions, to do honour to the divinitk 

 that were there adored. Many of the primitiv 

 Christians were put to death because they would ik 

 offer incense to idols. 



n his time by way of perfume, i 

 >w, mixed with spices, a con 

 rn perfumer calls pot pourri, 

 ments, and generally placed in 



The « Bdellium," mei 

 perfuming gum, like, 





Moses, saying, « Take the 



e apothecary, to be o 



with the age of the world. Flowers yield perfumes in 



colder are the sweetest. Hooker, in his Travels in Iceland, 

 ■peaks of the delightful fragrance of the flowers in the 

 the valley of Skardfcheidi ; we know that Winter-green, 

 i) roses are found here, and the wild Thyme 

 in great abundance. Mr. Louis Piesse, in company with 

 Captain Sturt, exploring the wild regions of South 

 rams have clothed the earth 

 ■with a green as beautiful as a Shropshire meadow in 

 May, and with flowers too as Bweet as an English 

 Violet ; the pure white Anemone resembles it in scent. 

 The yellow Wattle, when in flower, is splendid, and 



Though many of the finest perfumes (or oils of the 



plants) come from the East Indies, C« 



and Peru, the south of Europe is however the only real 



garden of utility to the perfumer. Grasse and Nice 



Oifd seats of this art; from their geogra- 



r. within comparatively short 



situations where the Orange tree and Mignonette flower 

 to perfection. The odours of plants resi I 

 parts of them ; sometimes in the roots, as in Iris and 

 tw stem or wood in Cedar and Sandal ; the 

 leaves in Mint, Patchouly, and Thyme ; the flowers in 

 -Keses and Violets ; the seeds in Tonquin Bean (Dipterix 

 ©dorata) and Caraway (Carum carui) ; the bark in 



aU cases, to a p „f ec tly v 

 ^aUjesseU or sacs wit 

 few exud^VSion^o 



hem, or generated 1 

 s when in flower. S 

 ;rous gums, as ben: 

 give, by the same 



In this la 



Toluferum; though their odours are agreeable, they 

 not much applied in perfumery for handkerchief use, 

 by some they are mixed with soap, and here more with an 

 idea of medicinal properties than for the sake of their 



[Sept. 



■ ■ 



r "-- Entomological Society. V 



friend 8 in Oxford" 



numbers of a new species of destructive 



-" ■ 



by the agency of 

 indent, M. Shur- 



that mysterious element. Our corn 

 lock, Esq., writing from Ensham on 



"On Saturday night (Aug. 11th) we had°a great 

 lightning without thuoder, and on the following 

 ; all my Lettuces drooped. Being very large and 



eless they drooped more, and became good for 

 i pulling one up, I found the roots ap- 

 m ;u„„.y aud covered wilh a phides. I send you 

 i of a root to look at. The Lettuces are 

 shea. Will you be kind enoag 

 you think the Celery is likely to be attacked in 

 I way, and whether I can do anything to pre- 

 i attack? The Lettuces drooped all at once 



mn a numoer or Email greeu wingless aphides, the ma- 

 ority in the pupa state, having short rudimental wing- 

 ases, and do not accordingly hesitate to consider that the 

 Irooping of the Lettuces was owing to the attacks of the 

 iphides, especially as we have since received other cora- 

 nunications of the same insect observed under precisely 



iphis will prove equally injurious to Celery or other 

 garden crops, appears to us most improbable, as each 







appear in the winged state, and fly » Wa? J?>S 

 the mischief m other places, and to depSt * *"•* 

 progeny for next year. eposU ■ »«** 



We speak of this insect as a new insect D W 

 having been able to meet with any deSoTO? 

 the most recent works on the aphides M» u> ,. * * 

 whose papers on this family Sh^'J^S 

 in the « Annals of Natural History^^Kgfe 

 also informs us that he is unacquamtedw Knt Hr* ,, » 

 Our highly magnified figures of the pnpa/jLK"' 

 winged individual just hatched, will eoableVrtl! 

 to distinguish the species from the m*mZ. tT 

 aphides which belong to the genus aphis h ** 

 veins of the wings differently arranged to th^e? £ 



s CC e: rwhichwepropo8etheMme ^«p^ 



The perfect insect is one line long, of a pale r-^ 

 yellow colour, with the surface of the foody, and e£2S 

 th reen h °e a es chestont' le \ *"** "* thom ^™ 

 greenish. The antennae not longer" tba ftjS 

 The wings one-third longer than the entire bodylV 

 pupa is also pale dirty green coloured, with ikontt 



■ - 



y of the bo4y. 



Ui-ht; bat thiss , 



Our figures represent-Fig. 1, the perfect iateet 

 magnified ; fig. 2, its ringed six-jointed antenna ; fij. 3, 

 its natural size ; fig. 4, the pupa state magnified ; fr 

 ditto, natural size; fig. 6, its six-jointed interna; 

 fig. 7, the two-jointed two-clawed foot. J. 0. W. 



THE QUALITIES MOST ESTIMABLE INAROSE. 

 As to the Flowers.— There is no flower that ha 

 been less understood than the Rose ; it is so beautiful is 

 itself, from the moment the colour bursts through ti* 

 calyx until it is fully bloomed, that even the wild Rot 





claim a high place in our favour; some dispute witfl u» 

 Rose the palm of excellence, but while all other aeena 



cloyed with the perfume of the Rose. It is eomewbt 

 remarkable that most of the China kind, and gentruj 

 speaking, the smooth barked sorts, are deficient a 

 perfume, and some of the finest ■pecijeES^ tejUi- 

 overlook this deuclmcy^vea^while we admire jto 

 symmetry and beauty of the bloom. fW»Vjf 

 be a grand point, if not the leading point, m tbequM* 

 of the Rose ; hence the old Moss Rose and the comma 

 Cabbage Rose are established favounties, and it vcm 

 have been a good thing if, in the selection of «eedtag 

 to be admitted into the Rose family, ^"JJ^JJ 



p«sed of the point of fragrance which, n £.?fa 

 the beautiful hybrids, Tea Roses and if™/" rf 

 that stand high, must be the leading point . U ■ 

 a Rose, we will now cotoe to the dry rules whicn w r 

 the measure of perfection. . ^j |* 



The form should be round and the J*"" ^ 

 full, that the flower may form half a ball ***££ 

 should be thick, smooth on the edge, and close, w» ^ 

 laid uniformly and symmetrically from J» w«^ 

 lower petals, to the centre ones, "^^JlS 

 and show no anthers. The reason we in ^ 



of half a ball need hardly be stated ; « "J. rf m 



petals adds wonderfully to the effect of «J 



Whether a Rose be of the largest size or ■» • 



rm would be equaUy good it « 



the approaches to it would be pretty. 



after all is said, and a good deal ma 



b„ ™dn*hi« nualities of a Rose, there 



''they "Ag^^ 



old much longer in *•»* ffi~r tf»» ^ 

 their beauty much better and longer 

 petals could under any circumstances. 



