40—1849.] 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



this purpose, as they equally corr 

 Stab mVieh tenacii 



my loam, clay a! ! 



• ' 



obinationofthe 

 nated, yet tht 

 joes in the pro- 



the effect of the contact of various kinds of earth, 

 moistened with water, in exciting galvanic : 

 which no doubt, greatly influences the chemical af 



ON THE ODOURS OF PLANTS, AND THE 

 MODES OF OBTAINING THEM. 



As before mentioned, it is not intended to speak of 

 d the flowers &c, that yield a perfume ; already it 

 ,rill be noticed that we have passed over many in their 



(/their fragrance as their beauty. To abstract the 



willapply as to those thatarenoticed.or that, though sweet 



the process of abstraction. The delightful fragrance of 

 the hay field is admitted 

 gloried in by the lovers 



which is positively r 



: 'V; 



us of life. It is only by ex- i them. The pL 



waned. Here we find* the ' sfaSants tore 

 1 perfect health. The roots j taking advanta 



ent to see the miserable state of debility to which they 



From all this results the necessity of studving the 



and to be careful in 



und finally perishes. This phen< 

 occurs not only in trees, but examples are seen in j nature of the soil before planting, and 



have observed it in what we call the Nocturnal Gera- and planted " " 

 nium (Pelargonium " 



■gonium tribe of botanists). I had a large will always be found adran::., 



in a soil better than that in v 

 i of them, of which I gave away several, j have been raised. 



kept in my garden, nor in any It will be readily t 



ers, were any signs of *-••' *- • T ' u — J -■ 



them all, found all t 



having here and there put forth a few small fibres, but under such 



with all that they did not during the whole year produce few individi 



" 'lost them all. However, " 

 they again put 



freshnesB and pungency are required, in combination 

 with Orange and Lemon-thyme. 



Lavender.— The climate of England appears to be 

 better adapted for the perfect development of this fine 

 old favourite perfume than any other on the globe ; 

 hence we export this odour, but import all the rest. 

 Mitcham, in Surrey, is the seat of its production in a 

 commercial point of view. The flowers of Lavandula 

 vera yield the perfume, and to the greatest perfection, 

 by distillation. The oil of Lavender, which comes over 



into a thousand compositions which the perfumer ma- 



\'"h !."" 



i prepared in the same way, namely 

 jil of Lavender to spirits of wine or 



which we think the best, is to use the proportions as 

 above directed, with the addition of 1 drachm of oil of 

 Jwgamot and a little Btorax. The famed Lavender 

 nillefleur may be prepared thus : 



SMliu.k '" lgaI1 ° n '| E?tra Lav f eId e n r ilIa '' Ira'" 

 * Ambergris '.'.', 2 pints. „ Neroll... '.'.'. J oz! 



wftpoonftil "of nT^e'sii and «Sf*tf not "uite °ol'ear 

 . MiosoLiA.— In^the perfumer's trade this fine odour 

 « only known by name ; the small demands for the 

 article induce the Parisian perfumers to imitate the real 

 *ift Orange flowers and Rose. 



Mignonette or Reseda.— But for the fine odour 

 ~* flower yields it would scarcely be known to the elite 

 otoerwise than as a weed. Sweet as it is in its natural 



^any others, during separation from the plant the frag- 

 Jgjw m more or less modified ; though not perfect it 

 "j" reminds the sense of the flowers ; to give it that 

 jweetaess which it appears to want, the French distillers 

 «a Violet to bring it np to the market odour. The 

 ^jamade an Re^da is prepared by absorption or 

 JZ* ra 9«, as described previously ; to every second re- 



Et5 n fo f Mi s none * te a lR y er of VioIet * used ; when 



Jj^ture possible, to prevent loss of odour, and before 

 "» a few drops of oil of Rhodium is often used to in- 

 "£* the fragrance. The Extrait de Rese-da, so much 

 {£*£• y the ladies of England, is prepared by digesting 



T°* them into cold oil of Olives, * 

 •J? to try as any we know of. 



&tnu J? ?'5 lds » pleasant odour fi 



DISEASES OF PLANTS. 

 XI. ; one species. Lethargy. 



rth their leaves as usual. Those only perished wl 

 ,d been too much watered. 

 This state of infirmity cannot, 

 I of themselves 



** \ Grafting has been found 

 >ring vegetation. Can it be 



s and appeared dead. But ! 



was repeated. The 

 in different indivi 



r::: n . 



of them had perished, although some of them are now 

 '- their natural robust health. It is this morbid state 



;etating faculties during the ordinary period, which I 

 m languor, and it may be of several degrees. In 

 ae cases vegetation may go on during the whole year, 

 ; very feebly, and there may be no symptom of any 

 er disease. In transplanted individuals in gardens 

 ? phenomenon is very frequent. 



soil. The winter i 



Under the walk is. 

 el. As soon as the 

 bemselves in a soil v 



the plants for a time the folk 

 y rains fall in th 



asons, renders the Poplars s 



Those individuals which 

 turn of gravel so thin that their 

 beneath it, have recovered, and 



more they extended only penetrated deeper 

 sand and gravel, have of necessity perished. 



ber of years they do not appear to have increased in 

 size beyond what they did in the first three. This 

 badness of soil, must be ascribed to 

 * the proprie 



aTion di Ind Ual8 'h e8PeCially ' f ***' — herbaceous » h 

 especially if applied early. Otherwi 

 , the only remedy is the axe and a chai 



I by its roots, may 



The great heat of summ 



r attaining the vigour he d 



v 7'- ' ■"■-- v, including 



I a list of officers and com- 



F.R.S. ; Prof. \V. H. Ac!»> 



-- 

 F.R.S. ; Prof. W. P. Alison, M.D. ; R. Fowler, M.dI 

 F.R.S.— Secretaries: Dr. I 



- 

 Knowles; Dr. Palmer ; ProC 

 cott ; John Hogg, F.R.S. ; J. S. Bowarfaanl 



K.lwards; C. L. Bonaparte (Prince of 



G.S.; Prof. Daubeny, F.R S. : H. E. 

 Or. Groshans 



W. G. Gutch ; R. Ball, M.R.I.A. ; A. Henfreyl 

 L.S. ; Dr. Royle, F.R.S. The first communication 



aot exceeding 5 per ce 



it, aa compared with ti 

 e. The plants which W€ 



or the qu. 



was submitted 



i plantations to 



existence, must perish, the 



they do not grow sensibly. 

 i of the individuals planted 

 languish. He who has no 

 buy. The seller naturally 



speedily faded,and their vitality was ultimately de 

 Animals were also exposed to the action of atmo 

 impregnated with varying proportions of carboi 

 when it was found that, although aome fish ( 

 with 3 per cent., frogs and tadpoles, with many 

 of fish, lived perfectly well in atmospheres coi 

 5 per cent, of carbonic acid. From these expe 

 Dr. Daubeny drew the conclusion, that no o 

 could be offered to the theory of the existen 

 ; . of carbonic acid in the atm 



; ,-; :■ •■•;:■ 

 carbonic acid in the atmosphere during the coal 

 tion, first introduced by M. A. Brongniart. ton 



