THE AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. 



[Dec. 2D, 



a revealed by the Court 



nkruptcy, of the j 

 ,nicofl847. Nei 



i the crisis came, the degrading 



Starting, so conflicting i 



Farm Profits. — Attempts have frequently been i 

 by persons speaking publicly and writing in the p 



Mechi', Mr. Huxtable, and others, to publish 

 farming accounts : very unfairly in a great meai 



Farms without showing that it will be money in 

 :kets to do so : why say that a man is obsolete 

 pid for not going to the expense of draining 



e Cirencester Society, Mr. Mechi 



will have paid himself 25s. an 



f Wheat were to rule 12/. per 



supposed iniquity or uselessness of Protection ; or dis- 

 putations with cotemporaries of opposite views. One 

 thing we old-fashioned people, up country, cannot at all 

 understand and, therefore, very much dislike, is being 

 Sneered at and abused for simply enquiring how we are 

 to make any profit out of our produce at its present 



Faendng without Ploughing.— On Beeing,in the Agrx- 

 cultural Gazette, p. 780, an article headed " Farming 

 without Ploughing," I (as most practical farmers would 

 have done) imagined it to be intended to advise agri- 

 culturists to graze the whole of their farms, or to sub- 

 stitute spade husbandry for ploughing ; but greatly was 

 I surprised, after reading the introductory part, to find 



destroys the fertility." Now, from tl 



. by ploughing under the plants that grew 

 upon its surface they become decomposed ; and by 

 *■ ving, the chemical ingredients 



witA mats will have the effect of killing the Grass, but 

 it cannot be be troy all the indi- 



genous weeds for instance the Couch gra see, as Agros- 

 It has W been an esta- 

 blished fact that burnt soil will produce good crops of 

 Turnips j and as « J. D." states that it wil 

 ploughing the land that was pared, he on] « 

 Turnips have an affinity for 



have it in greater abundance than if it was worked into 

 the sod to the depth of 3 or 4 inches ; and at the same 

 time this argument proves the fallacy of his theory. In 

 paring and burning, the turf or earth is exposed to the 

 the sun and air; the organic manure of the 



plants and the soil. With the la^d to "is "state you 

 cannot expect the crop to flourish ; but having an 

 affinity for ammonia it absorbs it from the air in such a 

 quantuy as to be easily perceived. The difference 

 between spade husbandry and ploughing is, that more 

 labour i. spent .ng 'the land 



produMSO e thC U " er SJ : 8tem _L. RDd h wU1 frequent 

 lowing has hitherto 1 



and it will frequently 

 lite straw crop. Fal- 





whole of an arable farm. J. C. //., Croft Farm, liridg- 



Scotch Carts.— Your correspondent "X. Y. Z." 



rence to Cumberland and others. My 



recommended as a novelty, which had long f 



houses in Englan 



:r h f* H r: 



body 5 feet 2 inches long, and 3 feet 6 inches wide, and 

 15 inches deep, with wing-boards 6 inches d< 

 contents to top of wing boards, 31 feet ; wheels 4 feet 

 6 inches diameter, and 2£ inch tyre. This cart has an 

 excellent spring tipping sword in front, moveable wing 

 boards, and a removable hay-frame or ladders, as pre- 



your readers, is not the 50 per cent, extra capacity of 

 body, with the apparatus for tilting the cart to any 





a hay-frame, or ladders ; price 1. 



/. Hereagato,! 



contend, the superiority of the cart 



amply justifies the 



extra cost. A Ugh t <u, ric u It u ml c ■ r 



, with a somewhat 



smaller body, holding 24 feet witho 



ut heaping. This 



cart has fixed wings, or dripple boards, and removable 

 head and tail ladders ; wheels about 4 feet diameter, 



. tyre ; this cart has 



bent shafts, and 



tipping sword, like the preceding ; 









Cumberland cart, namely a plain 



-sided farm cart 



with the bottom framework of Oak, the 



inch Deal, plated with iron, capacity 



of body exceeding 



1 cubic yard. The body in this car 



is placed on the 



axle, and is only 2* feet from the ground, which I need 



not observe is a great convenience for R 



cart, with wheels 4 feet 6 diameter and 2| inch tyre, 



f thoroughly seasoned timber ; 

 i than one-third stronger than 



nearly 50 per cent more 

 provided with tipping appa- 



ixception, they all have larger 



chain ; no name painted on it, and the shafts both t< 

 and too narrow for an ordinary horse. Now th 

 I have been describing are all provided with we 

 chains for back-band and belly-band, the name 

 buyer is put on without extra charge, and thi 

 are properly constructed so as to admit a horse I 

 them. I have much more to say, did your spac< 



(»ue how vt-ry different are the kinds of cart whi< 

 correspondents have been comparing with the C 

 land cart and the Scotch cart of " X. Y. Z ;" 

 conclude by repeating what I said in my forme] 



hat the Cumberland cart 



at VZl. will pay ,l, e manufaV- 



d mil tm^iwe?* ^ ^ 



in d mountai t nou 8 W d'i8t ld PX * f * r * 

 .aker i "^proved in 



he Cumberland cart is ca 



x933ri 



wry carious to 

 down" STifc^ °° 





carrying a ton 'ofcoa? 2 



T&^^^^^^^^t^ 



horse, it was worth w 

 vhether it was not desir 



; Vto t °ivT 18ide ' 



nodify their ton weight w 



"•BtheJrSwJ 





rts. I said thes- Cumberland 





e introduced in a given'plfdj 

 d. From a simple calculation 











veiglTofThe cartsTsed, 



even on^he^orden"^ 



cotland, not to speak of the ton weight waggons of the 







f cart lumber dragged a 



lis and farms of 





able purpose whatever ; in 



ther words, that 200,000 



horses were spending their 



abour for no more usefu 



end than if tl 





id, under Colonel Sibthorps 



c^s^saLM 







from both ends of the alpha I 



It the" weights and capacities of the carts are fairly 



the Cumberland carts was fairly drawn. A Liverpool 

 cart proprietor who had more horses than sense, being 

 asked if he could draw an inference, sai 



■ - 



t correspondent, 



the work of a heavy one, was that the light one could 

 be made by Messrs. Ransome and May, I hope he has 

 already satisfied his scruples by makiog some good 



rland carts himself ; but, for " X. Y.Z4 

 to whom your readers are indebted for many a pleasant 

 think he had forgotten those 

 humble remarks of mine which he criticises, or that he 

 " are the admii , ila ^ryma!) 



while running in Hampshire, though now they are run 

 down by one whom he does " verily believe never saw 

 ■' It would have been very 

 unbecoming to have expressed the opinions 1 turn 

 ventured to give, had this been the case. But would 

 that have made the "prize" cart lighter, or that of 

 Cumberland heavier ? However, I may mention that 1 

 have been fam •, 30 years and 



have seen them habitually on some of the crack farms 

 of Scotland and the borders. For certain purposes, on 



e fraternity. I strongly r 



emade lighter-as light a 

 hich they originated ? And 



till to be found there, I pot 

 1 county "to the honour of 



good stock name, " warranted to run easily, *> J*™* 

 fon, and to weigh only 7 cwt." The 26/. Scotch car* 

 which « X. Y. Z." saw in London, I Buspectw«J 

 toh ; a Lothian farmer never »»■**" 

 commodity. Ten guineas is the customary price on w 

 border, and, for 10/., as good a Cumberland cart as can 

 be made by a first-rate workman, with «J« JJJJ 



May, I understand, have made their Cumberland «£ 



to tip or tilt ; this will, no doubt, 



price, and make them somei 



notable weight will be saved by 



the waggons of the South,* or e^ — 



the Lothians and the border. Th \i 0UT ^ e [Z 



Kg! ltrt?t^ r are d v h ery 'glneraHy « 



shafts, or as the Scotch call it, "dormant boAjo. 



Perhaps we are making too much discu- 



what heavier: rfjj 

 ' ™°g them * B ^»f 



