TERRITORIAL BILL. €38 
The modern Englishman is as far removed in civilization 
from his ancestor, the savage Briton, clothed in skins and 
dwelling in huts, as the American from the Tndian, or as 
the humanized condition of the African race among us 
differs from the brutal condition of the negro in Guinea; 
‘and if mere contact with civilization can produce such 
results, what would not a systematic effort effect, when ° 
brought to bear upon a race degraded from either of the 
causes named. 
The policy of our government has been prsetically to 
deny the capacity of the Indians for civilization, by com- 
pelling them to hold their lands in common, and not in 
severalty, depriving them of the power of alienation, thereby 
creating no necessity for self-reliance and individual effort. 
I know that some of our wisest statesmen, and men of 
philanthropic and benevolent natures, have pronounced 
this the most merciful policy, and that intelligent white- 
men, who have had opportunities of studying the Indian 
character, either in an official capacity or as missionaries, 
or as tinder: have pronounced civilization to be so repug- 
nant to the native that he will not submit to its wholesome 
restraints, and hence that the phrase, “ Injun will be Injua,” 
has become trite, yet I contend that the Indian never can 
be elevated but by his individual effort, and that thrift, 
prudenee, and disciphine of character, the real elements of 
civilization, can never be attained until he has to depend 
