LODGES. 213 
their trail. The Camanches make their lodges by placing 
poles in the ground, in a circle, and tying the tops together, 
forming a frame work in a conical shape, which they cover 
with buffalo hides. 
The Wichitas make their lodges in the same manner, but 
do not unite the poles at the top—leaving an opening for 
the smoke, which when covered forms the frustrum of a cone. 
The Kickapoos place the poles in a circle, but instead of 
bringing them to a point at top, bend them so as to unite in 
Ly Oe | 
it : thus making thelodge round on top. 
The Delawares and Shawnees carry tents, but leave the 
poles standing wherever they encamp. % 
The Cherokees have tents also, but build their fires differ- 
ent from the Delawares; they place the wood in the fire with 
the sticks parallel, and burn from one end, pushing it into the 
fire as it burns away; whereas the others place each stick 
pointing to the centre of the fire, like the spokes of a wheel, 
We arrived at Fort Belknap on the seventh. 
Atacouncil held here, the Jonies and Ah-nan-dah-kas were 
» Maria, the Cadd Ti-nah, the Wichitas 
ie Wacos O-che-rash and pau and the To-wac- 
So mE 
ko-nies, by Utsiocks, Jose Maria—a fine looking man about 
sixty —was spokesman. His speech was in substance as 
follows ! 
“ T know our Great Father has power to do with us as he 
pleases ; we have been driven from our homes several times by 
the whites, and all we want i ?p 1 > h 
19 
