168 TORREYA 



of Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases, and the other Divisions of the 

 Bureau of Plant Industry. 



The Rockefeller Institute for ]\Iedical Research in 1932 established at 

 Princeton, New Jersey, a laborator}- for research in plant pathology, an institu- 

 tion largely devoting its attention to the virus diseases of plants. 



In the State Universities, Agricultural Colleges, and Experiment Stations, 

 the study of plant diseases has been given increased attention. Before 1900, the 

 botanists of the institutions may have carried on investigations on some diseases 

 of plants. Later, men were appointed to devote their entire time to pathology. 

 No State, however, had a pathologist until after 1900, although fine pathological 

 work was done by Burrill, Arthur, Jones, and others. The first separate De- 

 partment of Patholog}^ was organized at Cornell in 1907 under Professor H. H. 

 Whetzel. In 1909 Professor L. R. Jones headed the Department of Plant Path- 

 ology at the University of Wisconsin. In California Dr. R. E. Smith in 1903 

 was appointed Assistant Professor of Plant Pathology in the Department of 

 Botany, and in 1907 Dr. E. ]\I. Freeman received the title of Assistant Profes- 

 sor of Botany and Pathology at the University of Minnesota. Pathologj^, in 

 most institutions, is a part of the Department of Botany, although in a few it is 

 separated. 



There has been a great increase in the facilities for the encouragement and 

 publication of research. The American Phytopathological Society was founded 

 in 1908 with about 200 charter members, the enrollment in 1941 consisting of 

 1120 members. 



]\Iost botanical journals publish papers on plant pathology. A few, however, 

 are devoted largely to this phase of botany : Zeitschrift fiir Pflanzenkrankheiten 

 (1891) edited by Dr. Paul Sorauer; Phytopathology (1911) first edited by 

 L. R. Jones; Sotiete de Pathologic Vegetale de France (1914) ; Review of 

 Applied ]\Iycology (1922) edited by E. J. Butler; Phytopathologische Zeit- 

 schrift (1929) edited by E. Schaft'nit. 



The Bureau of Plant Industry. United States Department of Agriculture, 

 from 1901-1913 published 285 Bulletins, as well as Circulars, many of which 

 were devoted to pathological subjects. The Journal of Agricultural Research 

 succeeded the Bulletins in 1913, and has published many papers along patho- 

 logical lines. In addition, the Department still continues to issue Technical 

 Bulletins in pathology, as well as in related botanical and agricultural fields. 

 The Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations have issued many Circu- 

 lars. Bulletins, and Memoirs, on plant diseases. 



Previous to 1867 there were very few textbooks dealing with patholog}'. 

 Among the earHer were those of Unger (1833) ; Weigmann (1839) ; Meyen 

 (1841); Berkeley (1854-1857); and Kiihn (1858j. Sorauer published the 

 first edition of his Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten in 1874, consisting of a 



