9 



8. Rhodora 11:201-203. 1909. 



9. Castanea (Jour. South. Appal. Bot. Club) 1:93. 1936. 



10. Proc. W. Va. Acad. Sci. 4:43. 1930. 



11. Proc. W. Va. Acad. Sci. 9: 30. 1936. 



12. Flora, ed. 1 : 500. 1860. 



13. Sketch 1 : 51. 1816. 



14. Cat. 5 : 1813. 



15. Jour. Bot. 37:498, 499. 



16. Letters of Asa Gray, pp. 307-312. 



17. The 7th edition of Gray's Manual, published in 1908, still accredited Cheat 

 Mountain to Virginia, although it had been West Virginia territory for 

 45 years. 



18. Am. Jour. 42:34. 1842. 



19. Torreya 26:31. 1926. 



20. Contrib. U. S. Nat'l Herb. 12:290. 1911. 



21. IIlus. Flora 3:393. 1913. 



Guide to the Lichens of the New York Area — Part 5 



G. G. Nearing 



Group 7. The Leather Lichens. Papery Lichens most of which 

 have an upper surface looking somewhat Hke finished leather, 

 while the under surface resembles the unfinished side of leather. 

 Varying from large mats of radiating trunks and branches with 

 broad tips, to small, scattered, saucer-shaped or fan-shaped frag- 

 ments. Algal cells mostly in chains, but the chains short and imper- 

 fect. Fruits light red to brown or blackish. Spores long and narrow, 

 colorless or brownisli, divided into 2 or more cells. 



Key to the 4 genera 



Fruits saucer-shape, on the upper surface Sticta 



Fruits saucer-shape, sunk in marked depressions of the upper sur- 

 face Solorina 



Fruits on the under surface of special marginal lobes which fold 



upward Nephroma 



Fruits on the upper surface of special marginal lobes. Under surface 



with thickened veins Peltigera 



Sticta. The name means "speckled," referring to pale dots on 

 the under surface, but the genus as used here includes 3 species 

 which lack the speckling, and are sometimes placed in a genus 

 Lobaria, a subdivision which seems unnecessarv. The under sur- 



