39 



cephalodia, up to 1 mm. in diameter, with radiating teeth along 

 the edge. Algal cells free (Protococcus). 



Fruits borne on the tips of special, narrow lobes, and may be 

 somewhat rolled or flat, up to 8 mm. across, reddish brown. Spores 

 4- to 8-celled, 45 to 75 by 4 to 7 microns, colorless when mature. 



Pcltigera aplithosa, at a glance, looks much like P. canina, but 

 on close inspection, differs sharply. The cephalodia on the upper 

 surface are unlike any of the growths commonly seen on our Papery 

 Lichens. This is also the only species with thickened veins whose 

 upper surface turns bright green when wet, and unlike P. canina, 

 it keeps its color in winter. Sticta amplissima, though turning green 

 when wet, has no veins beneath. Few other lichens grow large 

 enough to cause confusion. The Rock Tripes (Group 12) often 

 have dark bodies and black fruits scattered over the surface, but 

 their circular shape, scarcely lobed, and single, central point of at- 

 tachment distinguish them at once. 



{Group 8 zvill contain the papery species of Physcia, including Anaptychia 



and Pyxine) 



RiDGEWOOD, N. T. 



Pronouncing Lichen Names 



W. L. Dix 



The recent revival of interest in the study of lichens among 

 members of the Torrey Botanical Club has brought with it the ap- 

 parent need of some assistance with the pronunciation of the 

 scientific names. This need is all the more real because of the com- 

 plete lack of any information in any available work on lichens, as 

 well as the absence of common names for most of the species.^ The 

 following list is an attempt to supply this information for the genus 

 Cladonia, and for other lichens as far as they have been described 

 in the helpful articles by A^Tr. Nearing now being published in 

 Torre Y A. 



Although scientific botanical names are either Latin and Greek 

 derivatives or compounded from those languages, the English pro- 



' ^ The recent articles in Torreya by Mr. Nearing on Lichens in the New 

 York Area is an attempt to supply this lack of common names. 



