nucleus. No doubt the discovery of linkage relations with crossing-over in 

 these forms would go a long way to explain the principles underlying the 

 segregation of the factors governing sex reactions in these forms. 



Genetic studies by Burgeff with Phycomyces have proved that there is 

 only one nuclear fusion at the formation of the zygospore, a point about which 

 there has been much discussion among cytologists. The question of double 

 fertilization and double reduction in the Ascomycetes can be settled very 

 easily by finding that there may be eight genotypically different kinds of 

 spores developed in an ascus, or that, where the spores are arranged serially 

 in asci, the spores alternate one and one for some pair of factors. 



The industrial yeasts that were long thought to develop asci partheno- 

 genetically have been proved by Winge and his associates to reproduce sex- 

 ually. They have already developed fourteen hybrid yeasts. The slime flux 

 yeast has been shown by them to be excellent material for genetic studies. 

 The segregation of three pairs of factors in the ascus is Mendelian. On the 

 basis of morphological differentiation this yeast has male and female races 

 according to the criteria of some of our mycologists. These size differences 

 are no doubt merely morphological differences that are sex linked. With 

 crossing-over and new combinations, the falsity of such an assumption will 

 be made clear. 



Other examples of Mendelian inheritance in the bakery molds, slime flux 

 yeasts, smuts and mushrooms were illustrated. A more complete account of 

 the address is being prepared for publication elsewhere." 



Clyde Chandler 

 Recording Secretary 



Meeting of November 15, 1939 



The meeting of the Torrey Botanical Club held at Columbia 

 University on November 15 was called to order by the President 

 at 3.30 p.m. 



Nineteen persons were present. 



The minutes of the meeting on October 18 and November 6 

 were accepted as read. 



It was moved by Dr. B. O. Dodge and seconded by Dr. J. S. 

 Karling that the secretary cast a unanimous ballot for the election of 

 Mrs. Kathleen Goddard Shirazi, 34 East 64th Street, New York, 

 and Miss Gretchen D. Taylor, 127 Prospect Place, South Orange, 

 N. J., to associate membership. 



The resignation of Mr. Jerome Metzner, 1815 Morris Avenue, 

 New York, was noted with regret. 



The scientific program consisted of a talk on "Wound healing 

 in higher plants" by Dr. R. Block of Columbia University. The 

 author's abstract follows : 



