CEPHALOCEREUS. 



33 



9. Cephalocereus euphorbioides (Haworth). 



Cereus euphorbioides Haworth, Suppl. PI. Succ. 75. 1819. 



i'a, ins euphorbioides Sprengel, Syst. 2: 496, 1825. 



Pilocereus euphorbioides Rumpler in F6rster, Handb. Cact. ed, 



2.658. 1885. 



Plant 3 to 5 meters high, columnar, usually simple; ribs 8, 

 acute, somewhat cren ate; areoles less than 1 cm. apart, white- 

 felted; spines few, sometimes only 4 or 5, and then only 1 prom- 

 inent, dark brown, porrcct, about 1 cm. long; ovary 2 cm. long, 

 spirally tuberculatc ; tubercles bearing triangular scales sparingly 

 woolly in their axils, with 1 to 4 yellow spines; perianth-tube fun- 

 nelform, campanulate, 4.5 cm. long; outer perianth-segments 15 

 mm. long, fleshy, reflexed, brown or reddish brown, the inner 

 ones 2 cm. long, reflexed, rose-red; flowers diurnal. 



Type locality: Not cited. 



Distribution : The Index Kewensis says South Amer- 

 ica; Schumann says Brazil, not Mexico; Rumpler says 

 Mexico and tropical America. Known to us only from 

 cultivated specimens. 



Rumpler refers here Ccrcus conicus Hort. Berol. 

 (Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 97. 1837), which Pfeiffer states is 

 from Mexico. Cereus olfersii Salm-Dyck (Hort. Dyck. 335. 

 1834) probably belongs here. The Theodosia B. Shepherd 

 Company, in their Descriptive Catalogue for 1916, describes 

 briefly Cereus olfersii from Brazil as follows: "A magnifi- 

 cent Cereus, exceedingly stout growth; color light blue; 

 beautiful spines which are jet black and very long." 



Cereus polylophus is very similar in its habit and 

 flowers to this species. Although Haworth did not know 

 its origin, it is usually stated to have come from Brazil. 

 In habit it resembles Cephalocereus fluminensis. 



Illustrations: Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 89, as Pilo- 

 cereus euphorbioides; Rev. Hort. 57: 279. f. 47, 48, as 

 Cereus olfersii. 



Figure 35 is from a photograph of a plant in the New York Botanical Garden. 



10. Cephalocereus russelianus (Otto) Rose, Stand. Cycl. Hort. Bailey 2: 715. 1914. 



Cereus russelianus Otto in Salm Dyck, Cact. Hort. 



Dyck. 1849.201. 1850. 

 Pilocereus russelianus Rumpler in Forster. Handb. 



Cact. ed. 2. 682. 1885. 



Often tree-like, up to 8 meters high, with a 

 much branched top and a definite woody trunk, 2 

 meters long and 2.5 dm. in diameter; branches elon- 

 gated, nearly erect, dark green ; ribs 4 to 6, stout, with 

 prominent horizontal creases on the sides; areoles 1 

 to 2 cm. apart, large and circular, when young bear- 

 ing white wool sometimes 1 to 1.5 cm. long; spines 8 

 to 14, at first dark brown but in age becoming gray 

 except at the tips, 1 to 1.5 cm. long; flowers nocturnal, 

 7 to 9 cm. long, appearing from areoles anywhere on 

 the branches or even from the base of the old trunk, 

 cutting off after anthesis at the top of the ovary; top 

 of unopened flower tuberculate; upper scales and 



outer perianth-segments broad, obtuse, thick, fleshy, FlG . 36 ._ Flower of Cephalocereus russeliai 

 pinkish; inner perianth-segments narrow, almost Fig. 37. — Fruit of same. X0.7. 



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