CEPHALOCEREUS. 



57 



46. Cephalocereus brasiliensis sp. nov. 



Somewhat branching at base, i to 3 meters high, producing long, slender, weak branches, these 

 at first erect, but soon spreading or reclining, bright green when old, but when young somewhat 

 glaucous; branches at base nearly square in section, but toward the tip with 4, sometimes 5, promi- 

 nent obtuse ribs; areoles very close together, with long white hairs longer than the spines; radial 



spines several, very short, "brown, spread- 

 ing, acicular; central spines generally sol- 

 itary, porrect, 1 to 2 cm. long; flowers 5 

 cm. long; fruit globular. 



Collected by Rose and Russell on 

 the base of Corcovado, Rio de Janeiro, 

 Brazil, July io, 1915 (No. 20190). 



This plant is not uncommonly 

 found with Cephalocereus fluminensis, 

 but is not as abundant as that species. 



In the open flats and valleys 

 toward Cabo Frio, Brazil, similar 

 plants occur, but they are stouter and 

 usually erect ; of these, flowers and fruit 

 were not obtained (Rose, No. 20705). 



Figure 84 is from a photograph 

 taken by Paul G. Russell of the type 

 plant. 



Fig. 84. — Cephalocereus brasiliensis growing above 

 Cephalocereus fluminensis. 



-Flower of C. phaeacanthus. 

 -Fruit of same. X0.7. 



47. Cephalocereus phaeacanthus (Giirke). 



Cereus phaeacanthus Giirke, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 18: 57. 1908. 

 Slender, usually branching at base, rarely branching above, more or less erect, often 4 meters 

 high, the branches 4 to 9 cm. in diameter; ribs usually 13, low, narrow, bearing approximate areoles 

 about 5 mm. apart, with acicular spines and small tufts of short white wool ; spines numerous, when 

 young yellowish brown, 1 to 1.5 cm. long; flowers 6 cm. long, slightly bent upward near the top of 

 the tube, the limb 6 cm. broad when fully expanded; perianth-tube and ovary bearing several ovate 

 scales; outer perianth-segments greenish brown; inner perianth-segments white, acute; upper series 

 of stamens 2 cm. long; lower series of stamens 4 cm. long; filaments green; style white; fruit 1.5 

 cm. in diameter, smooth, somewhat tubercled; seeds 2 cm. long. 



Type locality: Maracas, Bahia, Brazil. 



Distribution: In thickets, State of Bahia, Brazil. 



We have placed this species near the end of the genus, for it is very unlike the other 

 species and may not be congeneric with them. It has very slender stems, low ribs, no long 

 hairs at the flowering areoles, and a bent flower with a very small, flattened ovary. 



Plate viii, figure 3, shows the top of a plant brought by Dr. Rose from Toca da Onca, 

 Brazil, in 19 15. Figure 85 shows the flower, and figure 86 shows the fruit and withering 

 perianth. 



