OPUNTIA. 



77 



Opuntia maxillare Roezl (Morren, Belg. Hort. 24: 39. 1874), published without 

 description and probably collected in the high mountains above Lima, may belong here. 



Opuntia cumingii, of European gardens, belongs here. It was briefly mentioned in 

 the journal of the BerHn Cactus Society (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 7: 160. 1897), but not 

 formally described. Schumann referred it to 0. penilandii. 



This species is near Opuntia subulata, but probably is distinct, although it is not 

 always easy to distinguish them in greenhouse plants. Berger speaks of the similarity 

 of the two as follows : 



"This new species stands very close to 0. subulata, and may be easily mistaken for it, but when 

 grown side by side the differences are quite obvious. 0. exaltata is a taller plant with generally 

 longer branches, and somewhat glaucous instead of grass-green. The tubercles are more elongated 

 and differently marked. The leaves are shorter, the spines, when young, are not white, but yellowish 

 brown, generally stouter and stiffer. I have not yet seen a flower of it. 

 It is an old inhabitant of our gardens. " 



Plate XIII, figure i, is from a photograph taken by Hiram 

 Bingham, July 7, 1912, near Tipon, Cuzco Valley, Peru, showing 

 the plant near the upper left-hand comer; plate xv, figure i, repre- 

 sents a leaf-bearing joint of a plant sent to the New York Botanical 

 Garden from La Mortola, Italy, in 19 15; figure 2 represents the 

 lower part of a fruiting branch obtained by Dr. Rose at Cuzco, 

 Peru, in 19 14. 



43. Opuntia pachypus Schumann, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 14:26. 1904. 



Plant about i meter high, much branched and candelabrum-like; 

 branches cylindric, 3 to 5 cm. in diameter, either straight or curved, marked 

 with broad tubercles; leaves subulate, pointed, constricted at the base, 4 

 mm. long, early deciduous; areoles circular, borne at the upper edges of the 

 tubercles, 4 mm. in diameter, filled with short wool; spines 20 to 30, subu- 

 late, 5 to 20 mm. long; glochids yellow; flowers scarlet, 7 cm. long, including 

 the ovary; petals variable, the longest ones 1.4 cm. long; style very thick, 9 

 mm. long; stigma-lobes 5 mm. long; ovary more or less spiny. 



Type locality: Near Santa Clara, Peru. 



Distribution: Central Peru, near the coast. 



We know this species only from the description and illustra- 

 tions. In 1 9 14 Dr. Rose made several unsuccessful efforts to find 

 it at Santa Clara, the type locaHty. ^'"=-^' 



Illustrations: Engler and Drude, Veg. Erde 12: pi. 5^; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 14: 27. 

 Figure 91 is copied from the second illustration above cited. 



44. Opuntia cylindrica (Lamarck) De Candolle, Prodr. 3: 471. 1828. 



Cactus cylindricus Lamarck, Encycl. i: 539. 1783. 

 Cereus cylindricus Haworth, Syn. PI. Succ. 183. 1812. 



More or less branched, 3 to 4 meters high, the old trunk becoming smooth; joints cylindric, 

 obtuse at apex, green, with slightly elevated tubercles; leaves deciduous, 10 to 13 mm. long, terete, 

 acute; areoles depressed, filled with white wool, bearing some long hairs and at first 2 or 3, afterwards 

 more, short white spines (spines often wanting on greenhouse plants) ; flowers appearing just below 

 the ends of the terminal branches, small, inconspicuous, about 2.5 cm. broad, scarlet; petals small, 

 erect, obtuse; stamens numerous; style slender, 2.5 cm. long; ovary strongly tuberculate, depressed 

 at apex; fruit about 5 cm. long, yellowish green; seeds more or less angled, 4 to 6 mm. in diameter. 



Type locality: In Peru. 



Distribution: Highlands of Ecuador and Peru. 



The home of this species is usually given by recent writers as Chile, but Lamarck, who 

 described it first in 1783, said it came from Peru. Dr. Rose, who visited Peru and Chile in 



Opuntia pachypus. 



