8o THE CACTACEAE. 



Plate XVI, figure 2, represents a plant collected by Dr. Rose at San Francisquito, 

 Lower California, in 191 1. 



47. Opuntia stanlyi Engelmann in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 158. 1848. 



Opuntia emoryi Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 303. 1856. 

 Opuntia kunzei Rose, Smiths. Misc. Coll. 50: 505. 1908. 



Stems low, usually less than 3 dm. high, much branched, creeping, forming broad, impenetrable 

 masses 2 to 3 meters in diameter; joints 10 to 15 cm. long, clavate, more or less curved, strongly 

 tuberculate; tubercles 3 to 4 cm. long, flattened laterally, 4 to 6 cm. apart; spines numerous, stout, 

 elongated, somewhat roughened, reddish brown, the larger ones strongly flattened, 3.5 to 6 cm. long; 

 flowers yellow, 5 to 6 cm. broad; fruit ovate, clavate at base, yellow, 5 to 6 cm. long, very spiny, 

 with a depressed umbilicus; seeds flattened, 4.5 to 6.5 mm. in diameter. 



Type locality: On the del Norte and Gila, New Mexico. 



Distribution: Southwestern New Mexico to eastern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. 



O. stanlyi was first found October 22, 1846, by W. H. Emory on his first trip across 

 the continent; he reported the plant as abundant on the Del Norte and Gila. There 

 has been much speculation as to what this species is, for no specimens were preserved. Dr. 

 George Engelmann, who named the species, based it upon a sketch made by the artist of 

 the expedition, Mr. J. M. Stanly. By a reference to Emory's itinerary we find that on 

 October 22, 1846, he was in southwestern New Mexico. In 1908 Dr. Rose visited this 

 region where he collected the various species of cacti to be found there. The only plant 

 which we know from that part of New Mexico which could represent 0. stanlyi is Opuntia 

 emoryi; this was the conclusion reached by Wooton and Standley, who, in their Flora of 

 New Mexico, have restored the name 0. stanlyi. 



We have referred Opuntia kunzei here because recent specimens sent in by Dr. Kunze 

 have taken on a phase very much Hke the true 0. stanlyi. There is a possibility that 0. kunzei 

 should be maintained, for we are not altogether convinced that certain material we have 

 seen should be merged into O. stanlyi. To clear up this point, it is hoped that someone 

 will collect and preserve a full series of specimens showing flowers, fruits, and seeds. 



Illustrations: Emory, Mil. Reconn. App. 2. f. 9; Amer. Garden 11: 531?; Cact. Journ. 

 i: 154; Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 70, 71, these last three as Opuntia emoryi; Hornaday, Camp- 

 fires on Desert and Lava opp. p. 116, this as Opuntia kunzei. 



Plate XIV, figure 3, represents a plant collected by Dr. R. E. Kunze near Gunsight 

 Mountains, Arizona, in 1912 ; figure 4 shows a leaf -bearing joint of the same plant. 



48. Opuntia schottii Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 304. 1856. 



Prostrate, rooting from the areoles, forming dense clusters sometimes 2 or 3 meters in diameter ; 

 joints clavate, curved, ascending, easily breaking off, 6 to 7 cm. long, 2 cm. in diameter at thickest 

 part, strongly tuberculate; leaves subulate, bronze-colored, 6 to 8 mm. long, acuminate; areoles i 

 to 1.5 cm. apart; spines white and sheathed when young, soon brown, the larger ones sometimes as 

 many as 12, very slender, sometimes 6 cm. long, somewhat flattened; wool white when young, turning 

 brown; glochids white when young, turning brown, 4 mm. long or less; flowers yellow, 4 cm. long 

 including ovary ; sepals narrow, acuminate ; petals acuminate ; fruit yellow, narrowly oblong in out- 

 line, a little narrowed at base, 4 cm. long, closely set with areoles bearing numerous short spines, 

 bristles, and white wool, the umbilicus depressed; seeds yellow, flattened, 4 mm. in diameter, notched 

 at base. 



Type locality: Arid soil near the mouth of the San Pedro and Pecos, western Texas. 



Distribution: Southern and western Texas and northern Mexico. 



Opuntia schottii greggii Engelmann (Cact. Mex. Bound. 68. pi. 73, f. 4. 1859), which 

 came from near San Luis Potosi, Mexico, where it was collected by Dr. J. Gregg, in Decem- 

 ber 1848, is much out of the range of the normal form and probably belongs elsewhere; but 

 no specimens have been examined except the type, which is fragmentary. Engelmann at 

 first considered it a distinct species. 



Illustration: Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 73, f. i to 3. 



Figure 92 represents joints of a plant collected by Dr. Rose at Langtry, Texas, in 1908. 



