59 



and if one phase should finally separate from the other (c. g., by 

 the disappearance of one phase in one locality, and of the other 

 in another, or by some Mendelian process), species would arise 

 without any subspecies, as defined above, being developed. 

 Changes in the colors of flowers might become specific in this 

 way {cf. the white- flowered C/coinc, forming a race in Arizona), 

 and albinism in snails, which certainly begins as a mutation, has 

 in some instances become a valid specific character. 



Race might be used to designate local varieties originating as 

 last indicated, and not connected by intermediates. 



Varieiy is a general term to use only when the classification 

 of the plant or animal under one of the above categories cannot 

 be determined. 



T. D. A. COCKERELL. 



Anew Hydnum. — Hydnum Earleanum. Resupinate : sub- 

 iculum closely adnate, scarcely separable, broadly effused, thin, 

 1-2 mm. thick, golden yellow : spines 3-6 mm. long, crowded, 

 awl-shaped, slender, golden yellow : spores subglobose, colorless, 

 smooth, about 4 x 3/><. Growing on under side of decorticated 

 log {Ostjya Virginimia F). 



The beautiful golden yellow color will easily distinguish this 

 plant. A small tree about six inches in diameter had been cut 

 down but not entirely severed from the stump. The bark had 

 been stripped off and on this smooth surface the Hydnum was 

 growing. It covered a space two feet long and three inches wide 

 It could easily be seen at a distance of 75 feet. I have never seen 

 any other fungus with such a beautiful yellow color. This color 

 however disappears in drying, fading to a pale flesh-brown. 



Type locality : Mud Lick Hollow, Armstrong County, Pa. 



Type specimen in writer's collection, Carnegie Museum, Pitts- 

 burg, Pa. 



This plant has been named in honor of Professor F. S. P^arle 

 of the New York Botanical Garden. D. R. Sumstine. 



KlTTANNINC, Pa. 



