34 Eucephalozia 



typicis (cellulis unistratis conflatis, ore ciliolato). [Ceph. pallida 



nobis in lib.) 



Hab. On rotting vrood, turfy banks, and sliady rocks (chiefly of 

 soft sandstone), ascending on mountains almost quite through the wooded 

 region, but nowhere common, although widely distributed in the north 

 temperate zone. England : Tunhridge Wells (e.s.), Blaeberry Gill near 

 Whitby (m. b. slatee). Scotland : Glen Finnan (cakeington), Banchory 

 (sm). Ireland : Cromaglown, and other places in the S.W. (tayloe, 

 MOOKE and e.s.). France : Pic de Ger and other wooded mountains in 

 the Pyrenees, very fine (e.s.) ; Grermany and Sweden, in several 

 localities. — Var. /3. Transoubdt, Central Pyrenees, on prostrate trunks 

 (e.s.); Xy. Sweden (holjigeen in hb. Stabler). — Var. 7. Frodsham, 

 Cheshire (g. e. nrxi) ; Strensall Moor (g. stablee). 



Hiibener's minute descriiDtion of his jfioig. catenulata (I.e.) agrees so well with the 

 plant aboTB-described, that I cannot doubt the accui'acy of the identification. In 

 what follows I have condensed the more salient portions of Hiibener's account. He 

 fixst gathered the plant on tui-fy earth in bogs, upon the highest point of the Eifiel, 

 between Bonn and Treves ; afterward in similar sites in the Yosges. It loves the 

 society of y. setacea and anomala [in England oftener of y. setacea and Trichomanis, 

 to which jf. divaricata is sometimes added] . Stems subopaque, rather rigid and 

 brittle. Leaves assui-genti-concave, when dry more incui-ved, so as exactly to resemble 

 the links of a chain, cloven to the middle, with acute segments, less transparent than 

 in other species of this series and composed of smaller thick-sided cells [it is the 

 opaque chlorophyll, aggregated in the cu'cumfereuce of the cells, that makes them 

 appear thick- walled] . Colour dull yellow-green, passing into olive-brown. Invol. 

 leaves cloven to ^ of their length, margins entii'e [in Mr. Slater's specimens, from 

 near Whitby, they are sometimes, but veiy rarely, entire ; in those of my own gather- 

 ing, in Ireland, the Pyrenees, &c., they are constantly more or less denticulate or 

 even spinulose] . Perianth distinctly ciliated at the mouth. 



Thus far Hiibener, whose description accords with the plant I have above de- 

 scribed, and with no other known to me ; the only marked difference being in the 

 entire perichstial bracts of Hiibener's plant — ^the toothed ones of ours ; but when 

 almost every known species of Cephalozia varies in the same way, that difference 

 alone, unsupported by any other, cannot be considered to have any weight. 



If we turn now to Gottsche and Pvabenhorst's ' Hepat. Europ. Exsicc' for what 

 should be (but unfortunately are not) type-specimens of this species, we find there 

 "jf. catenulata 'E.iihen,'' given five times, and comprising under that u&ioae four 

 distinct species ( !) viz.: 



