42 Euceplialozia 



sistentia — rarissime in ramo fertili florem $ proxime sequentia (i e. 

 floresccntia paroica); bractece foliis parum diversae confertiores assur- 

 gentes, ssepe clente antico basi auctae monandrfe; bracteolcB subnuUae. — 

 F -55 X -55, -5 X -4; c 1/25-1/20. j,. 1.3. p^,. i.8_2-2 x -5 °^'°. 



Jung, bicuspidata L., Nees Hep. Eur.; G.L, et N. Syn. Hep. 138; Hook. 

 Brit. .Juug. t. 11 et Siippl. t. 4. 



Hab. on earth and stones in damp shady places, on decaying 

 trunks, among mosses, &c., in the j)lains and lower mountains 

 of the entke north temperate zone, rarely passing vathin the tropics or 

 the arctic circle. Eecorded also from the southern hemisphere (Java, 

 Cape of G. H., Falkland Isles, &c.), hut the specimens require to be re- 

 examined. 



Inter formas speciei vulgatissimpe innumeras nobis cognitas, magis 

 memorabiles sunt sequentes: l.grandijlora, luxurians, bracteis maxi- 

 mis squarrosulo-recurvis, seepe insigniter laciniatis ; hab. Stockton Forest 

 prope Eboracimi. — 2. setulosa, pusilla, foliis parvis, lobis subapicuhitis ; 

 perianfchiis ore truncato setulosis (setis 2 — 3 cellulas longis); bractea- 

 rum laciniis lato-subulatis acuminatis utrinque 1 — 2-spinis ; hab. in valle 

 Mardale com. Westmorland (G. Stabler). 



Eamulus $ in hac sjDecie ex ipsius andrcecii tergo ortus rarissime in- 

 venitur; idem ac in perpaucis aliis fjephaloziis, e.g. C.pij<im:ea et C. ob- 

 cordata interdum videmus. 



[C. alpicola Massalongo (Epat. Yenet. nos. 89 et 131 : — Yalsesia) seems a compact 

 form of C. bicuspidata, with copious leafless flagella ; the leafy branches nearlj' all 

 fioriferous, either male or female, so that the leaves are more crowded than the 

 normal stem-or branch-leaves, which are very few in number, yet of the same form as 

 in normal C. bicuspidata. Perianth 2 cells thick near the base. Calyptra 2 or 3 cells 

 tMck below; but I have seen it only in an unripe state, and one or two inner layers 

 might be absorbed as it filled with the ripening fruit ; as happens also in some other 

 species of hepaticse.] * 



=^1 have evidence tending to the conclusion that when any Jungermanidea has strayed beyond 

 its usual limits into regions higher either in altitude or latitude, and therefore colder, it is apt to 

 acquire a thickening of its floral envelopes. Thus, the remarkably fleshy perianth of Pleuroclada 

 albescens (Hook) has below the middle 5 layers of cells in Swiss specimens from Schimper, but 8 

 layers in Greenland specimens from Vahl. — The fleshy perianth and calyptra of Ceph. imiUiflora is 

 however a constant character, at all elevations, even down to the sea-level ; whereas in its nearest 

 ally, C. connivens, the same organs are never more than a single cell in thickness. 



