180 



of this lake grow Sor/)iis aincricaim, Picca Mariana and Acer 

 sacc/ianiin, ami Thuja occidciitalis becomes more abundant and 

 virtually supplants the paper birch, Bctula papyrifcra. The vege- 

 tation of the forest lloor here consists of Clititoiiia borcalis, Oxalis 

 Acctosii/a, Qsiiiuiuia C/ayloitiaiia (= O. iiitcrriipta^, O. cinna- 

 vioinca, Cliiogcncs Jiispidula, Uiiifolutm catiadcnse and / 'cratrttm 

 viridc. 



The forest al)out Ra(iuette Lake is a mixed one of broad- 

 leaved and coniferous trees, the latter predominating. Such are 

 the spruce flats of the lumbermen, where the soil is fresh and 

 deep, with Picca Mariana {= P. nidciis Sargent), of medium 

 height and diameter. These flats form the lower limit oi Acer 

 sacchanivi, which is common on higher ground. Abies bal- 

 saiiica is small. The principal species, in the order in which they 

 occur, are : Picca Mariana (= P. nibcns Sargent), Bctula lulca, 

 Abies balsaiiica, Tsiio-a canadensis, Fagns anicricana, Acer saccJia- 

 rum and Pinus Strobus i^Picea-Bctnla facies). With these are 

 associated Thuja occidentalism Picca Mariana, Larix anicricana, 

 Pinus rcsinosa, Acer saccharinuni (= A. dasycarpus) and Pctu/a 

 populifolia, with scattered Fraxinus anicricana and Prunus scro- 

 tina. Populus trciniiloidcs and Prunus pcnnsylvanica are found on 

 the burned-over land with an undergrowth in the primeval forest 

 of Viburnum alnifoliuni, Acer pennsylvanicuni and Acer spicatuin. 

 Here, the characteristic swamp species are Picca Mariana (red 

 spruce = P. rubens Sargent), Abies balsamea, Picca Mariana 

 (black si^ruce), Pinus Strobus, Larix anicricana, while on the 

 gravelly knolls in the swamps occur Pinus Strobus, Tsiiga cana- 

 densis, Picca Mariana {= P. rubens Sargent), Abies balsamea, 

 etc. Thuja occidentalis and Larix americana grow on the poorest 

 drained land.* 



The forest about Tupper Lake is characterized by Picca Ma- 

 riana (= P. rubens Sargent), Acer sacc/iarum, Fagus americana, 

 and Bctula lutca. The sugar maple, Acer saccharuin, and beech, 

 Fagus anicricana, have the advantage over Bctula lutca on the 



* Ilosiner, K. S., and Bruce, E. S. A Forest working Plan for Township 4°- 

 Hulletin 30, Division of Forestry, U. S. Department Agriculture. 1901. 



Graves, H. S. Practical Forestry in the Adirondacks, Hulletin 26, Division of 

 Forestry. 1899. 



