192 



in the northeast slope ; the other is on the eastern slope and is 

 much nearer the top of the mountain. Here were found by 

 me, Kalmia glauca, Ledum grociilaiidiaoii, Oxvcocais Oxycoccns, 

 Eriophoruvi vaginatum, Vcratnim viridc, Vacciniwn tdiginosum 

 and several species of Carcx. 



Giant Mountain (4,622 feet) is not bare at the summit, except 

 where shelving rocks occur. Here were found by me Ledum 

 groenlandicum, Arenaria grocnlandica, Marcliantia polymorpha 

 (in burned areas), Agrostis rubra, Vaccinium pennsylvanicum, 

 Linuaea auiericana and Cornus canadensis. The summits of 

 lower mountains, Mt. Hopkins (3,136 feet) for example, are not 

 above timber-line, but frequently they are bare owing to rock 

 exposures. On this mountain, a smooth rock surface is found, 

 in the broken parts of which grow Sibbaldiopsis tridentata 

 {Sibbaldiopsis association), while Vaccinum uliginosum (V. uli- 

 ginosum association), Alnus alnobctula {Alnus association), Vac- 

 cinium pennsylvanicum, V. pennsylvanicum angusiifolium and V. 

 canadense are found along the edge of the forest, which consists 

 at this elevation of Picea Mariana, Betula papyrifera, B. Icnta, 

 Primus pennsylvanica, Acer pennsylvaincum, Pimis Strobus, Populus 

 tremuloides, Thuja occidcntalis and Abies balsamea, that reach to 

 the top of the mountain. 



Hemlock Formation. — The hemlock, Tsuga canadensis, 

 forms a pure forest upon the ridges at the foot of Giant Moun- 

 tain. Here the beech, Fagus aniericana, Acer rubrum and Acer 

 pennsylvanicum are subordinate species with a few spruce trees 

 [Picea) intermixed. The herbaceous undergrowth is typical of 

 such forests, consisting of Linnaea aniericana (in mats), Mitc/iella 

 rcpens, Cornus canadensis, Pyrola chlorantha, Oxalis Acetosclla, 

 Clin (o Ilia borealis, Peramium re pens (Goody era rcpens), Medeola 

 virginica, Pyrola sccunda, Viola rotundifolia, CJiimapJiila u,nbel- 

 lata, Gaultlieria procumbens, Coptis trifolia, Unifolium canadense, 

 Cypripedium acaule, Lysias orbiculata [Habenaria orbiculata) and 

 Lycopodium lucidulum. This is the same association of species 

 that one finds in southeastern Pennsylvania under the hemlocks, 

 with the addition in the Adirondacks of Linnaea aniericana^ 

 Clintonia borealis and Coptis trifolia. 



