A STUDY OF THE COW BAY BEACHES. D. S. McINTOSH. 115 



sort of fun shape, spreading out towards the pond outlet 

 and converging towards drumlin D. The ends of the fan 

 curve down stream. These beaches lie nine and a half feet 

 below the high modern beach (See Fig. 4). Of the two old 

 beaches to the eastward of dnunlin C, the furthest back is 

 higher than the modern beach at this part. Here the crest 

 of the modern storm beach is six feet five inches above the 

 last high tide, while the old beach is eight feet two inches to 

 ten feet four inches above the same mark. This latter is, 

 at its highest part, a flat dome-shaped mass of flat cobble- 

 stones now lichen-covered (See Fig. 5). Towards the 

 pond side and towards the westward margin, the stones are 

 smaller than on the summit and towards the east. 



Storms and their Effects. 

 The frequency and intensity of storms along this coast 

 for the ten years previous to 1012 is contained in "Wind 

 Data" compiled for the Halifax Ocean Terminals. In this 

 compilation, it is shown that, as one would expect from the 

 latitude of the locality, by far the greatest number of storms 

 has been from the south-west. As this wind bows along 

 the shore, the only effect is seen on the headlands where the 

 beach material is being moved eastward. Where, however, 

 as at Cow Bay the beach is protected from this wind, little 

 effective action of the waves and littoral currents is shown. 

 North-east storms, which are few compared with the south- 

 west, also blow along shore, and have a like effect, unless 

 somewhat east of northeast. The heaviest storm recorded 

 for the ten years blew from this direction with a velocity 

 of over sixty miles an hour. Such a storm would doubtless 

 drive great waves into the bay with an accompanying lit- 

 toral current. South-east storms are more frequent than 

 north-east, and as the bay lies open and exposed to the full 

 force of the Atlantic waves, the effect should be great, espec- 

 ially when the storm is accompanied by a high tide. It is, 



Pro. & Trans. N. S Tnbt Sci. Vol. XIV. 20 Aug.. '16. Trans.— 8 



