208 ORTHOPTERA OF NOVA SCOTIA. — PIERS. 



Terms used. — Id preparing the descriptions in the following 

 pages, as little use as possible has been made of technical 

 terms, although a few will be found to constantly occur. 

 These, with others of much less frequent use, are included in 

 the following list of brief definitions, which will be convenient 

 for reference, particularly when consulting other works 

 wherein their use is more prevalent. 



Abdomen. — Posterior part of body. 



Adult. — The imago or perfect winged stage. 



Antenna (-se, pL). — Elongated jointed organ of touch and possibly of 



smell attached to upper front part of head. 

 Apex. — Terminal portion of any part of body. 

 Basal. — Nearest to the body. 

 Brachypterous. — Having short or aborted wings in adult stage. (Opposed 



to Macropterous.) 

 Carina (-ae, pi.). — A ridge or keel. 

 Cercus (-i, pi.). — Appendage situated alongside of upper part of last 



abdominal segment. 

 Costal margin. — Front margin of wing-cover or wing when extended 



sideways. 

 Crest. — Sharp ridge or keel. 

 Dimorphic. — Exhibiting two forms, such as the long- and short-winged 



forms of a species. 

 Disk. — Middle portion of a surface, such as the disk of the pronotum, 



of the wing, or of the femur. 

 Dorsal. — Relating to the back or upper surface. 

 Dorsum. — Upper surface of thorax, abdomen, etc. 

 Elytron (elytra, pL). — Wing-cover. 

 Fastigium. — Extreme point of front or vertex of head. 

 Femur (femora, pL). — Thigh. 

 Foveola (-ae, pi.). — ^Small depression. 

 Front. — Face. 

 Furcula. — A pair of small backward-directed appendages of the last 



dorsal segment of male, and overlying the base of the supra-anal 



plate. 

 Fuscous. — Dark brown. 

 Glabrous. — Smooth. 



Granulated. — With minute prominences which give a grainy surface. 

 Habitat. — Natural home or habitation of an animal or plant. 

 Hibernate. — Spend the winter in torpid state. 



Hind wings. — Second pair of wings; the ones used for flight in Orthoptera. 

 Humeral. — Pertaining to the humerus or front upper corner or angle 



of the thorax or wing-cover. The subcostal vein of the wing-cover 



is also called the humeral vein. 

 Imago. — The adult or perfect winged stage. 



