ORTHOPTERA OF NOVA SCOTIA. IMKUS. 328 



distinguishing them from curoicaiidd borealis. Comparison 

 of the shape of the disk of the pronotum, wlietlier it expands 

 somewhat behind, or is nearly parallel, will also assist; but 

 positive determination should be made on examination of 

 the male alone.* 



Subfamily Conocephalinae (Cone-headed Grasshoppers and 

 Meadow Grasshoppers). 



Vertex of head terminating in a tubercle or spine, some- 

 times blunt; antenna? long; pronsternum toothed or with 

 two slender spines (these very short and weak in our species 

 of Conocephalus); wing-covers narrow; ovipositor usually 

 long and straight, but sometimes upcurved (in Orchciimum). 

 To this subfamily belong certain slender-bodied green grass- 

 hoppers, with long antennae and sword-shaped ovipositors, 

 which are common in damp meadows and along the margins 

 of brooks, etc. Their song is produced in the same manner 

 as that of the Katydids, by a stridulating organ at the base 

 of the wing-covcrs; but the notes are quite soft and low and 

 are heard throughout the day. The eggs are deposited 

 between the stems and root-leaves of grass, in the pith of 

 twigs, etc.; and the ovipositor, being used as a piercer, is 

 slender and sharp-pointed. Only one genus, Conocephalus 

 ( = Xiphidium), has so far been reported from Nova Scotia, 

 but Orchelimum may possibly yet be found although it is 

 not at all likely to be. These genera ma}^ be separated thus: — 

 Key to Genera of Conocephalin^. 



Fore and middle femora without spines beneath, vertex terminating in 

 a rounded tubercle hollowed on sides, stridulating organ light brown; 

 a. Piosternal .spines very short; ovipositor slender and straight or nearly 



so; in.sect small, body less than 17 mm Conocephalus, p. 324. 



aa. Prosternal s['ines longer and more slender; ovipositor stout and usually 



upcurved; insect of medium size, body more ihan 17mm. (Not yet 



reported from Nova Scotia.) [Orchelimum, footnote p. 325. j 



*Scudaeria seplentrioiialis (Sen-ille), readily distinguished by the trunrated apex of 

 the male supra-anal plate, although it qccurs north to Brunswick, Maine, is very rare and not 

 at all likely to occur here; and S. lexensis Sau.ss.-Pict , with a median tooth in the notch of 

 the supra-anal spine, althouch it has been taken at Norway, Maine, and in southwestern 

 Ontario, is just as unlikely to he found this far north. 



