ORTIIOI'TKRA OF NOVA SCOTIA. PIERS. 325 



grass. It is very active and makes extensive leaps. The 

 very tiny but easily recognizable nymphs, in about the second 

 stage, were not noted at Hubbards, Hx. Co., until 19 July, 

 1917. Adults are met with from about the middle of July 

 (18 July, '97; 29 July, '16, Halifax) until the middle of 

 September (10 Sept., '95, and 12 Sept., '97, Halifax; and 

 13 Sept., Truro). They no doubt succumb to the first 

 hoar-frosts which occur about then or soon after, being 

 probably the first species to do so. Females are seen 

 much more frequently than males. The stridulation of the 

 male is rather weak-sounding, as might be expected from 

 such a frail little species, and to me sounds like the syllables, 

 plee-e-e-e-e-e, tzit, tzit, tzit, tzit, the first part of the call being 

 a rapid vibratory note.* 



Subfamily Stenopelmatinae (Stone and Camel Crickets). 



Pronotum short, not covering whole top of thorax; 

 prosternal spine absent; wings wholly absent; hind femora 

 stout; ovipositor nearly straight. — These are ungainly insects, 

 stout, with long antennae, an arched back, and a large head 

 which is bent downward in an obsequious manner between 

 the front legs. They are nocturnal in habit, concealing 

 themselves by day beneath stones, logs, etc., in damp woods 

 or along woodland brooks, and are therefore rarely observed 

 except by the collector. Being wingless they make no 

 sound by which they may be located. They are omnivorous 

 feeders but do not injure cultivated crops. The eggs are 

 supposed to be laid in the earth ; and in the United States 

 the young occasionally hibernate, but no doubt do not 

 do so here. The females are very difficult to specifically 



*Orchelimum valgare Harris, the Common Meadow Grasahopper, length 18-19 mm., 

 with spines on prostemum cylindrical and slender, has been taken in southern Maine and 

 elsewhere throughout New England, where it is common, a-s well as in southern Quebec and 

 Ont., but it is not likely to be found as far north as Nova Scotia; as also Conocephalus brevipenaia 

 (Scudder), the Short-winged Meadow Grasshopper, length 11-13 mm , somewhat Uke fascialus 

 in general form, but with wings usually shorter than the wing-covers, and the latter usually 

 not reaching the end of the abdomen, which is common everywhere in New England and north 

 to Eastport, Me., Ont., and Montreal (Quebec;. 



