ORTHOPTERA OF NOVA SCOTIA. PIERS. 343 



through the Unite I States, in non-arid regions from occin to ocean, south in 

 the central western region to Texas anl New Mexico; thus embracing the 

 Canadian to the luiraitl parts of the Upper or L^nver Au-stral Zones; whereas 

 tlie form neglcclus is more nearly restricted to the Canadian and Transition 

 Zones and mostly is found in the northeastern and eastern areas. Long-winged 

 forms are usually uncommon, and in Canada have only been taken once (On- 

 taiio). None of the forms have been found in Newfoundland. Scudder in 1900 

 reported negleclas as common in the southern half of New England at least, 

 and pe7m6i/iramc«s as common in the same half; while he states that abbrevia- 

 us and luctuosus are common eveiywhere in that region. 



2. The Variant occurring in Nova Scotia. 

 Name of Nova Scotian variant. — From such Nova Scotian 

 specimens as are at hand as I write, aild mea>'urements of 

 others sent me by C. B. Gooderliam of Truro, I find that 

 they generally agree most closely with the very short-\\inged 

 form sometimes known as neglectus of Scudder, with probabh' 

 a slight tendenc}' in a very few specimens towards the ordi- 

 nary short-winged form termed pennsylvanicus of Burmeister 

 with which it is closely affiliated and with which it probably 

 intergrades in other regions. We may tentatively, therefoie, 

 and as a mere matter of present convenience, refer to our 

 form as Gryllus pennsylvanicus neglectus Scudder. Further 

 remarks on this point will be made on page 348. 



Description of Nova Scotian specimens. — The size varies from very small 

 to medium for Gryllus, but averages small (length 18.5 mm. in males, 19.2 

 mm. in females) ; the greater extremes in length being found in females. Breadth 

 of female abodmen usually about one-third length of body. Apparently 

 all before me have greatest width of the head sHghtly less than greatest 

 width of pronotum by from .17 to .75 mm. Pronotum but little if any nar- 

 rower in front than behind, its average "length" contained in its '"width" 

 1.50 times; the front margin slightly concave and sometimes ciliate, hind 

 margin slightly convex, lateral margins .of disk nearly straight but tending 

 to convexity; an impressed line very close to and parallel to front and hind 

 margins, and a longitudinal median impressed line distinct on a little more 

 than half of its anterior part. The wing-covers of female cover from a little 

 less than 6/ lOths to a little less than 8, lOths of abdomen as measm-ed from 

 hind margin of pronotum to tip of abdomen, and average only 65/lOOths 

 or 2/3rds. Those of male usually cover more of abdomen than those of the 

 other sex, ranging from 6 lOths to 1 1 10th, and averaging 82/ lOOths. 

 It is rarely they slightly exceed the abdomen in male and never in female. 

 The inner edges of wing-covers overlap for their entire length in males; but 

 in some females, perhaps late in the season, they are more or less separated 

 at their ends so as to form a ^Y-shaped notch, but all gradations are found 

 from unnotched to notched state, and it is possible the latter may be caused 

 to some extent by the degree of distension of abdomen.* Only the short- 



♦Blatchley ha.s marie tais notch one of the characters of his G. americarius, which appar- 

 ently is the same as Scuddsr's nefjlectus. 



