130 Muhlenbergia, Volume 8 



As stated before, its range is from middle Oregon to Mt. 

 San Pedro Martir in northern Lower California. In the Coast 

 Range of California, according to Jepson, it is found as far south 

 only as Snow mountain in Lake county. South of that point it 

 is absent in the coast region for a distance of 360 miles, appear- 

 ing again on Mt. Pinos at the west end of the Tehachapi range. 

 This range connects the two mountain systems in the south, 

 furnishing an easy path for the species to follow from the Sierra 

 Nevada. In Oregon it is found as low as 2000 feet; in northern 

 California at 3000 feet and under along Mad river; at 1300 feet 

 on the Feather river near Bidwell Bar on the west slope of 

 the Sierra Nevada; in southern California as low as 4000 feet. 



While the wood is much inferior to that of either the white 

 or the yellow pines, being light and not strong, and on account 

 of its lack of resin having a rather low fuel value, it is used 

 rather extensively. Like all other inferior woods, it will come 

 more into use as the better ones become scarce. Quite a bit of 

 it is found in the cordwood used in Reno, and during the past 

 year a good percentage of the "mill blocks" (small ends of boards 

 and knotty and defective parts from tlie {)]aning mills) consisted 

 of white fir. 



Some of it is is made into lumber for general construction 

 purposes, and since it is easily worked and free from resin, 

 should be fairly useful in many ways. Being inodorous it is 

 much used for butter boxes and other food and fruit containers. 



The pulp and paper mill at Floriston, California, on the 

 east side of the Sierra Nevada, uses white fir wood almost ex- 

 clusively, consuming about seventy-five cords a day. Both the 

 mechanical and chemical (sulphite) processes are used. This 

 tree will no doubt become one of the chief pulp wood producers 

 of the Pacific coast. 



Reproduction is good, the seeds germinating either in litter 

 and humus as well as in mineral soil, provided there is consid- 

 erable soil moisture. It is a tolerant tree, and even when sup- 

 pressed for a long period will develop rapidly when admitted to 

 the light. 



