December 31, 1910 J 3 r 



isli or very dark brown, with deep furrows between wide rectan- 

 gular blocks. < )n trunks from 8 to 12 inches thick the bark is 

 broken into small, thin, gray-brown plates; when separated, the 

 scales expose a dull reddish inner bark. The thin, smooth bark 

 of young pole trees and of branches is a bright whitish gray, 

 often silvery. The foliage, densely set at the ends of the 

 branches, is dark yellow-green, and the needles are 5 in a clus- 

 ter. Cones mature in late summer or early autumn of the sec- 

 ond \car, shed their seed in September and early in October. 

 They are from 3^ to 10 inches long and peculiar in having 

 their light yellowish-brown scale tips greatly thickened; inner 

 portions of the scales, pale red. By early winter the cones have 

 fallen from the trees. The seeds are deep reddish brown speck- 

 eled with blackish brown. Wood very dense on account of its 

 exceedingly slow growth; light, soft; pale lemon-yellow." 



"On slopes of the Cordilleran Plateau from the eastern side 

 of the Continental Divide, in Alberta and Montana, southward 

 to New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and southern California." 



Then follows a list of stations wdiere it has been found in 

 California, ranging from as far north as Mono Pass east of the 

 Yosemite, south to the San Jacinto mountains in Riverside 

 county, with a westerly extension to Mt. Pinos in the Tehachapi 

 range. The following are notes concerning its occurrence, cli- 

 matic conditions, tolerance and reproduction: 



"On dry, rocky, east slopes, summits, tops of ridges and 

 foothills, and sometimes on sides of moister canyons and banks 

 of mountain streams. Adapted to a great variety of soils and 

 not exacting as regards depth or moisture, but grows best in 

 moist, well drained soils. Usually in dry, rocky, very shallow 

 soil, appearing to prefer dry, loose, gravelly loam, with little or 

 no humus. Reaches higher elevations on clay soils than on 

 sandy oiks. 



"Usually occurs singly or in small groves among other con- 

 ifers, where it is of largest size; occasionally in pure, open 

 stands, commonly stunted, on exposed slopes and ridges. Ap- 

 parently less frequent in Pacific than in Rocky Mountain range. 

 Associated mainly with lodgepole pine ami black hemlock at 



