the "jack-pine plains" of Michigan (though those are character- 

 ized by a different species of pine), according to Spalding * and 

 Beal, t and many of the swamp plants or their near relatives are 

 reported from the same general regions. J 



Several of the characteristic dry pine-barren plants have been 

 reported by Dr. Britton § from the mountains near the boundary 

 between New York and New Jersey. Much the same flora, and 

 essentially the same types of vegetation, are characteristic of at 

 least some parts of the pine-barrens of New Jersey, judging from 

 the excellent illustrations and descriptions by Hollick, Pinchot, 

 and Gifford in the report on forests which accompanied the report 

 of the state geologist of New Jersey for 1899. || Farther south 

 about half the species, or in some cases closely related forms, 

 follow the coastal plain all the way to Florida, while a good 

 many others are found in the South only in the mountains, 

 where they grow on sunny slopes or in sandy bogs. Of the last- 

 mentioned category are Pinus rigida, Qiiercus ilicifolia, Q. prin- 

 oides, Comptonia, Popiilus, Gmiltheria, Chamaedaphne, Kalmia 

 angiistifolia, Spiraea, Carex stricta, Lysimachia, and Liliuvi^ The 

 remainder are mostly of pretty wide distribution in temperate 

 eastern North America. 



About the time of the Glacial period, when the coastal plain 

 is supposed to have been all under water, all these species must 

 have been confined to the mountains and foothills between Penn- 

 sylvania and Alabama. When the glaciated region and coastal 

 plain were again laid bare by the retreating ice and water these 

 plants and their associates were doubtless among the first to take 

 possession of the new territory. Their present rather disjointed 



* Am. Nat. 17: 249-259. 1883. 



f Mich. Flora 16, 17. 1904. 



J See Transeau, Bot. Gaz. 36 : 403, 404. 1903 ; 40 : 431-446. 1905. 



2 Bull. Torrey Club 10 : 105. 1883; n: 126-128. 1884; 14: 187-189. 1887. 

 See also Harshberger, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 56 : 606-609. 1904 ; Rep. 8th 

 Int. Geog. Cong. 604, 605. 1905. 



II See also Lighthipe, Torreya 3 : 79-81. 1903. 



\Yox notes on the occurrence of some of these in the southern mountains see Ashe, 

 Bull. N. C. Geol. Surv. 6 : 213, etc. 1898 ; Small, Torreya i : 7, 8. 1901 ; Ashe 

 & Ayres, Pres. Message So. Appalach. Region 93-109. 1902 ; Harshberger, Bot. 

 Gaz. 36: 379. 1903. 



