133 



found to be a Mendelian character. I have found an instance of 

 both tricotyly and syncotyly this spring in pedigreed cultures of 

 0. biennis. 



Fusion of Capsiiles in Onagra bieiinis. — In " Die Mutations- 

 theorie" de Vries (/. c. 2 : 349-350) has called attention to cases of 

 the occurrence of two flowers in the axil of one leaf in OenotJiera 

 Lanmrckiana. Both flowers produced capsules with seeds and de 

 Vries suggests that the anomaly is due to the development of a 

 supernumerary flower in the axil of an undeveloped supernumer- 

 ary leaf Among pedigreed cultures of O. biennis, I observed 

 one instance, in the fall of 1907, of two capsules, one very 

 slightly above the other, fused or grafted together throughout 

 their entire length. Each capsule was in the axil of a separate 

 bract, as pictured in figure e, and both contained maturing seeds. 



A Twin Apple. — Twin fruits of the apple, pear, strawberry, 

 plum, cucumber, and many other species are, as is well known, 

 not at all uncommon. Much literature on this point is cited by 

 Moquin-Tandon, Masters, and Penzig. In the Gardener's Chron- 

 icle for 1855 (p. 692), there is figured a twin apple caused by two 

 flowers being " accidently brought into close contact in the earliest 

 state of the bud, being kept firmly in contact as they advanced 

 in growth," and ending "by becoming half incorporated." In 

 the same magazine, in 1879 (46 : 767), the same sport is again 

 noted, and is said to be not uncommon in the Cluster Golden 

 Pippin, and frequent in the Bedfordshire Twin. Also in the same 

 publication (54 : 564. 1883) is recorded a case of triplet apples, 

 three "fused together into one mass at the base." Sometimes 

 there are two peduncles, one for each half of the twin, and an 

 instance has been recorded in which one of the peduncles has 

 become broken off from the branch, so that the nourishment of 

 the fruit attached to it had to be derived entirely from the apple 

 with which it was fused. Masters (Vegetable Teratology, p. 20) 

 figures an example of the adhesion of two apples, and, on page 

 327, a case of interrupted growth, where the peduncle above the 

 normally formed fruit has filled out, and formed a much smaller 

 fruit above the first. In the specimen illustrated in the accom- 

 panying figure, and probably a variety of the russet, the peduncle 



