On the PlTHOPHOKACEiE. 65 



filament) cask-shaped, on an av. 144 /j, thick and 232 /.i long; the lower 

 spores in a pair of t-\vin spores subcylindrical, on an av. 113 ,« thick 

 and 179 /a. long; the solitary spores of the branches of the first degree 

 cylindrical, on an av. 85 ^ thick and 135 ,<« long; the terminal spores 

 cask-shaped, with the upper end conical and the top somewhat rounded, 

 on an av. 132 ^ thick and 382 /., long. — Plate 1, figs. 9—12. 



. [P. subvalida, filo principali partis thalli cauloideœ speciiuinum fertiliuni c:a 

 120 fi crasso, ramos plerumque diiorum ordiuum singnlos rel binos oppositos emit- 

 tente; sporis vel iuclusis rel terminahbus; sporis iu filo priucipali sitis plerumque 

 geminatis; sporis in ramis sitis plerumque solitariis; sporis iuclusis superioribus 

 binarum geminatarum (solitariisque in filo principali) orculœformibus, c:a 144 f.i 

 crassis st 232 fx longis; sporis iuclusis inferioribus binarum geminatarum subcylin- 

 dricis, c:a 113 /.i crassis et 179 /.i longis; sporis iuclusis solitariis ramorum cyliu- 

 dricis, c:a 85 jtt crassis et 135 ,u longis; sporis terminalibus orculseformibus sursum 

 brevi-acumiuatis apice subrotundato, c:a 132 /.i crassis et 382 /.i longis.] 



Locality. This species is found by Professor E. v. Martens j:r near Yoko- 

 hama in Japan, iu the month of October 1860. It grows on rice-fields. — The spe- 

 cimens which I have examined are original specimens, presented to me by Prof. 

 E. V. Martens j:r. 



General Description. Fertile specimens. Cauloïd part. The branches 

 of the l:st degree are placed singly, or two and two opposite to each other on the 

 principal filament. Once I have observed three branches of the first degree in a 

 whorl. These often support branches of the 2:d degree, which are, as a rule, placed 

 singly. These branches in their turn now and then, though seldom, support small 

 branches of the 3:rd degree. The normal branches are attached a short space (not 

 so long as the diameter of the branch), below the top of the supporting cells. 

 Accessorial basal branches are rare. Subsporal branches of the l:st degree are, 

 on the contrary, rather common (pi. 1, fig. 9). Such branches are found only below 

 single spores. Iu their formation has evidently been consumed the protoplasm, 

 which otherwise is used in the principal filament in the formation of the lower 

 one of the twin spores that are common there. Helicoïds I have not observed. — 

 Spores are found iu branches of the l:st degree as well as in the principal filament; 

 they are partly inclosed and partly terminal. The spoi-es in the principal filament 

 are generally formed two and two by one mother cell (pi. 1, fig. 10 and 11). In 

 branches of the l:st degree such twin spores are but very seldom found (pi. 1, fig. 



9 s', s"). The inclosed spores are of three kinds: l:o the upper ones iu the pairs 

 of twin spores, and the single spores in the principal filament; 2:o the lower ones 

 in the pairs of twin spores; 3:o the single ones in the branches of the l:st -degree. 

 Those of the first kind are in general cask-shaped (pi. 1, fig. 11), but now and 

 then of a somewhat irregular form (pi. 1, fig. 9 and 10); those of the second kind 

 are cylindrical or almost so, often somewhat swollen midways (pi. 1, fig. 11 and 



10 s"), and those of the third kind are almost quite cylindrical (pi. 1, fig. 9 sc). The 



terminal spores, of which I have seen but very few, are cask-shaped with the top 



now abruptly pointed and now tapering (pi. 1, fig. 11). I think it very probable 



that the plant may have subcorneal terminal spores besides the cask-shaped. 



Nova Acta Reg. Soc. Sc. Ups. Ser. III. 9 



