BY MEANS OF CATALYSTS. — CREIGHTON. 9 



of the bromine content. The results obtained are given in the 

 following table : 



d-acicl 1 -acid in acid 



Preparations : A B A B 



Melting Point : 111,5" 111,0° 111,0° 110,5° 122" 



ra]20° : +77,78^+78,00° - 77,80' - 77,79° 0,00^' 



^^BlfoHJr • ^^'^^^^ ^^'^^/^ -^^'^^/^ ^Q>8^7o 96,99% 



Analysis by „ ^ , 



Bromine : 97,56% 96,90% 96,94% 97,42% 96.97% 

 Estimation 



Bases : Quinine and quinidine were obtained from C. F. 



Kahlbaum, and were identified by their melting points. Before 



being used they were dried at 110°- — ^120°^. 



Appaeatus. 

 In order to determine the velocity of decompositio7i of the 

 hromcamphor-carhoxylic acids in aolution, both with and without 

 catalysts, the progress of the reaction with time was followed 

 by weighing the amount of carbon dioxide that was liberated 

 from the acid. The apparatus for this oonsisted essentially of 

 a small glass flask, with a capacity of about 30 ccm., which was 

 connected to two sets of soda-lime tubes by means of a three 

 way tap. The small reaction flask was closed with a ground 

 glass stopper through which -passed two tubes, the one going 

 within 2 mm. of the bottom of the flask ; attached to the second 

 tube was a small cooler through which tap water flowed. 

 During the reaction the small reaction flask was immersed in 

 a thermostat, the temperature of which was kept constant within 

 ± 0°.05. The liberated CO. was carried ofl: by a stream of 

 nitrogen which l)ubbled through the solution. The complete 

 apparatus is shown in fig. 1. The nitrogen was contained in 

 the gas-holder G and in the bomb B, from either of which it 

 passed to the purifying apparatus through the three-way tap 

 T,. The gas was freed from traces of oxygen by means of 

 alkaline sodium hydrosulphite in the wash bottles Wi and W:..; 

 then washed with potassium hydroxide solution in the wash 



1. Lenz, W.: Zeit. f. anal. Chemie, 27, 551, (1888). 



