AND THEIR EEMAJXS. PIKES. 117 



Two strings of shell ivampum are in the Provincial Museum, 

 and were doubtless brought into the province by barter with 

 the Indians of ^N^ew England, as Lescarbot mentions. 



A considerable quantity of pottery has been found at various 

 places throughout the province, some being ornamented by 

 impressions of twisted cords, oblique dashes, crescent-shaped 

 impressions, zig-zag rows of small square dots, etc. Some of the 

 pots at least have been obtusely pointed on the bottom. 



Of relics of European manufacture obtained by the Indians 

 by barter, we find iron or steel axes and tomahawks, spear- 

 heads, knives, kettles, metal pipes, glass beads, etc. 



Kitchen-middens. — Kitchen-middens have been met with in 

 various parts of the l!Tova Scotian coast and on rivers and lakes, 

 such as would be favorite camping grounds in the past. They 

 furnish shells, bones, implements, pottery, and various camp 

 refuse. Gossip described the opening of some (Ttrans. K. 8. 

 Inst, Nat. Sc, i, pt. 2, 94:-99), and Patterson also refers to a 

 number of locations (ib., vii, 237 et seq.), but none seem to have 

 been opened and examined with the thorough scientific care 

 which is now usually devoted elsewhere to such investigations. 



Mounds- — l!^othing resembling mounds has yet been dis- 

 covered in the province. 



PetrogJyphs. — At Fairy Lake or Ivojimkoojik (''swelled 

 parts)", on the upper waters of the Liverpool Kiver, are 

 many very interesting incised drawings on slate, doubtless the 

 work of Indians, in some parts with superimposed drawings of 

 much later date, probably the work of woodsmen. Similar 

 drawings are found at George's Lake (near Kojimkoojik) and 

 on Port Medway Eiver, all in Queen's county. 331 sheets of 

 tracings of the oldest of these drawings, made by the late Geo. 

 Creed in 1887 and 1888, are preserved in the Provincial 

 Museum. (See Creed's uuiDublished paper mentioned in the 

 bibliography; also Beport of Provincial Museum for 1910, as 

 well as 10th Ann. Report of Bureau of Ethnology for 1888-89, 

 Wash., pp. 37-42). 



