HONEYMAN ON THE GEOLOGY OF NOVA SCOTIA. 195 



crinoidal joints. These limestones when struck emit a strong odor 

 of petroleum. To some distance the section is obscure, and then 

 we find holes indicating the existence of underlying limestone. 

 Then comes the syenite centre. Next to this, is a considerable 

 thickness of greenstone ; succeeding is a considerable thickness of 

 lower carboniferous shales, much disturbed and contorted by the 

 greenstone : in these are imbedded limestones. A projecting point 

 shews limestone and shales, apparently forming the termination of 

 a synclinal axis. There is also a thick bed of hrachio]iodous lime- 

 stone, familiar in Nova Scotian and Cape Bretonian lower carbon- 

 iferous Geology. They form a point on what we may call the 

 mainland and the south end of Long Island. (See map of Nova 

 Scotia.) These limestones are destitute of the petroleum odor. 



Following the members of this section in their courses westward 

 we have the crinoidal limestone evidently forming the substrata of 

 the elevated bank on the north side of George's River. The lime- 

 stones which I have already noticed as outcropping on the same 

 bank are a continuation of that indicated by the holes of the section. 

 This also has the strong petroleum odor. They directly overlie the 

 syenites, serpentines, and marbles, the first of which are a continu- 

 ation of the central syenite of the section. The greenstone extends 

 westward for nearly a mile, forming with the carboniferous strata 

 an elevation which partially obscures George's Mountain on the 

 northern side. The carboniferous strata of Long Island are co- 

 extensive with the island, which is four miles in length. They dip 

 into the channel at a very high angle, enabling the steamer to skirt 

 the Island so as to make the minute details of structure in the strata 

 distinctly visible to the passenger. 



We have these lower carboniferous strata thus lying directly on 

 the metamorphic rocks, but uncomformably. The carboniferous 

 strata are a part of the Sydney carboniferous formation, conse- 

 quently the metamorphic series which I have described are the 

 pre-carboniferous rocks of this well known coal field. 



Closely connected with the limestones of George's River are the 

 limestones and gypsum that skirt the shores of Boulardarie Island, 

 lying opposite. These limestones have also the petroleum odor. 



