864 LAWSON ON CANADIAN SPECIES OF RUBI. 



exposed, and can be studied under every condition of disturbance. 

 The lowest of the measures passed over are those of Long Point, 

 then come the East Bay limestones. The exposures from Cape 

 Auguille to the Barasois Rivers fill the interval between the Gravels 

 and Kippens Brook. The gypsums of Codroy, Barasois and 

 Kippens form an important horizon. Above this come the sections 

 of the rivers and Mr. Murray's coal fields of Indian Brook, which 

 may be represented by the imperfect exposures of coal measures 

 fourteen miles from the mouth of the Barasois River. 



Although the deposits of coal have not yet equalled the expect- 

 ations of investigators, the presence of iron and lead in unusually 

 large deposits, together with the indications of other minerals, marks 

 this Bay as the future scene of extensive mining operations. The 

 summer is clear of fog, and the winter ice lasts only from January 

 to April, so that St. George's Bay has a material advantage over 

 many places lying further to the south. 



Art. IV. — On Canadian Species of Rubi and their Geo- 

 graphical Distribution. By George Lawson, Ph. 

 D., LL. D., Dalhousie College. 



{Read January 12, 1874.) 



(ABSTRACT.) 



RuBUS was described as a genus of plants belonging to the 

 natural order Rosacece, an order which embraces about a thousand 

 species and a countless number of varieties of artificial origin. An 

 unusually large number of these plants are natives of temperate 

 countries in the northern hemisphere. Rosacece has furnished our 

 gardens with numerous ornamental plants, such as the hawthorns, 

 pyrus, roses, sweet briars, almonds, spiraeas, potentillas, amelan- 

 chier, geums, &c., whilst our orchards are indebted to the order 

 for the varieties of apple and pear, cherry, plum, peach, quince, 

 and many others. To the botanist some groups of the RosacecB 

 have a specially vexing interest, on account of their proneness 



