In the controversy Terner also participated. He objected to 

 Blondel, denying the influence of mother imagination on the 

 embryos. Argument of Terner was confirmed by the fact that 

 the blood vessels of the mother directly passes in the vessels 

 of the fetus. Ens subscribed to Terner' s opinion. Apparently, 

 the difference, existing on this question in literature, 

 induced Petersburg Academy of Science to announce competition 

 on works which would comprehensively answer it. The scientific 

 committee of the Academy, examining the competitive works, 

 revealed scientific impartiality, and the Academy published 

 two works, each one of them represented a contradictory opinion. 

 Krauze was a supporter, and Rederer was an opponent of the 

 influence of maternal imagination on the fetus. 



Krauze considered that the question raised was very 

 difficult, nearly hopeless to solve. However, he noticed, 

 that many examples were present, when the fetus was changed 

 in a way, that not only simple people and the mother herself, 

 but even sharply sensitive scientific people in medical practice 

 related it, although partially, to the strong emotional shock 

 of the mother. Enumerating the opinions of authors, discussing 

 this question (Sennert, Morisso, Ludvig, Hofman, Abraham 

 Kau-burgav, Takhoni and others), Krauze suggested, that the 

 reader can make for himself the most classical ironical 

 defiance: "Hie Rhodus, hie salta!" (literally: "Here 

 Rodos also jump!") and all the following statements attempt 

 to answer this call. As also the majority of his predeces- 

 sors, Krauze paid attention mainly to cases of appearance of 

 pigmental birth marks, where their forms and situation compel 

 to suggest the influence of pregnant women. He began with 

 these sharp effects, as terror, fear, anger and so on, show- 

 ing strong physiological influence expressed first of all in 

 the reaction from the side of vascular and nervous systems. 

 From this Krauze made the conclusion, that "if the brain was 

 strongly alarmed, then small changes took place in the body". 

 Referring to known cases of adult people suddently growing 

 grey under the effect of deep feelings, Krauze suggested that, 

 there were more bases to expect changes of skin color of the 

 fetus under the effect of maternal imagination. If terror 

 or fear can cause small ulcers on lips or erysipelas, then 

 why does it seem incredible to you, that the same phenomena 

 can take place in the body of the fetus, whose structure is 

 so weak and delicate, and its vessels are so numerous and 

 full of juices?" 



611 



