14 
THE CACTACEAE. 
Illustrations : Pac. R. Rep. 4: pi. 4, f. 4, 5, as Cereus conoideus; N. Mex. Agr. Exp. 
Sta. Bull. 78: pi. [17]; Bull. Torr. Club 35: 85. f. 2. 
Figure n is copied from the first illustration above cited. 
15 . Echinocereus coccineus Engelmann in Wislizenus, Mem. Tour North. Mex. 94. 1848. 
Cereus roemeri Miihlenpfordt, Allg. Gartenz. 16: 19. 1848. 
Cereus coccineus Engelmann in Gray, PI. Fendl. 50, 51. 1849. Not Salm-Dyck, 1828. 
? Echinopsis valida densa Regel, Gartenflora 1: 295. 1852. 
Cereus mojavensis zuniensis Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 281. 1856. 
Cereus phoeniceus Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 284. 1856. 
Echinocereus phoeniceus Riimpler in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 788. 1885. 
Echinocereus phoeniceus albispinus Riimpler in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 789. 1885. 
Echinocereus phoeniceus longispinus Riimpler in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 789. 1885. 
Echinocereus phoeniceus rufispinus Riimpler in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 789. 1885. 
Echinocereus krausei De Smet in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 789. 1885. 
Echinocereus mojavensis zuniensis Riimpler in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 803. 1885. 
Echinocereus phoeniceus inermis Schumann, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 6: 150. 1896. 
Echinocereus roemeri Rydberg, Bull. Torr. Club 33: 146. 1906. Not Riimpler, 1885. 
Usually densely cespitose, often forming large mounds a meter in diameter, containing some¬ 
times 200 simple stems, these 2 dm. high or less, 3 to 5 cm. in diameter; ribs 8 to 11, somewhat 
tubercled; radial spines acicular, 8 to 12, 1 to 2 cm. long, usually white; central spines several, 
longer and stouter than the radials, usually yellowish or whitish but in some specimens reddish or 
blackish; flowers crimson, 5 to 7 cm. long; perianth-segments broad, obtuse or retuse; areoles on 
flower and ovary felted and bearing short white bristly spines. 
Type locality: About Santa Fe, New Mexico. 
Distribution: New Mexico and Arizona to Utah and Colorado. 
Schumann describes and figures a plant entirely without spines, but whether it is 
common or not we do not know. This was published as a variety, E. phoeniceus inermis 
(Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 6: 150. 1896), but it often passes as E. inermis, although never 
described as such. Some years ago such a plant was sent to Washington from Utah by 
Mr. M. F. Jones and is still growing in the Cactus House, but it has not since flowered. 
Coulter has combined this species with Mamniillaria aggregata Engelmann (Emory, 
Mil. Reconn. 157. f. 1. 1848) taking both up as Cereus aggregatus Coulter (Contr. U. S. 
Nat. Herb. 3: 396. 1896), but we do not believe that they are the same; Rydberg has used 
the name Echinocereus aggregatus (Bull. Torr. Club 33:146. 1906) for this plant. 
Echinopsis valida densa Regel (Gartenflora 1: pi. 29. 1852; also Forster, Handb. 
Cact. ed. 2. f. 85) is referred by Schumann to both Echinocereus acifer and E. phoeniceus 
(Gesamtb. Kakteen 239, 283). To us it suggests E. fendleri, although it has differently 
colored flowers. 
Illustrations: ? Gartenflora 1: pi. 29, as Echinopsis valida densa; Gartenwelt 1: 85, 89; 
4: 159, as Cereus phoeniceus; Gartenwelt 1: 89, as Cereus phoeniceus inermis; Gartenwelt 4: 
159, as Echinocereus phoeniceus inermis; Curtis’s Bot. Mag. no: pi. 6774, as Cereus pauci- 
spinus {fide Schumann); Pac. R. Rep. 4: pi. 4, f. 9, as Cereus bigelovii zuniensis; Gartenwelt 
4:157, as Echinocereus phoeniceus; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 6: 151, as Echinocactus phoeniceus 
inermis (through typographical error); N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 78: pi. [18]. 
Plate n, figure 1, shows a flowering plant collected by F. A. Goldman in Arizona; 
figure 2 shows an open flower. 
16 . Echinocereus rosei Wooton arid Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 19: 457. 1915. 
Cespitose, forming small compact clumps, the stems 1 to 2 dm. long, 5 to 8 cm. in diameter, 
sometimes as many as 40; ribs 8 to 11, obtuse; areoles rather closely set; spines pinkish to brownish 
gray; radial spines about 10, spreading; centrals 4, 4 to 6 cm. long; flowers 4 to 6 cm. long, scarlet; 
inner perianth-segments broad, obtuse; spines on ovary and flower-tube brownish or yellowish, 
intermixed with short hairs; fruit spiny. 
Type locality: Agricultural College, New Mexico. 
Distribution: In mountains and dry hills and sometimes on the mesas of southern 
New Mexico, western Texas, and adjacent parts of northern Mexico. 
