6o 
THE CACTACEAE. 
LOBIVIA sp. 
Dr. Shafer collected many specimens of a plant at Villazon, Bolivia, in February 1917 
(No. 86), which may represent another species of this genus, but they were at that time 
without flowers or fruit, and none has flowered since brought by him to the New York 
Botanical Garden. 
This cactus is tufted, forming clumps 1 to 2 dm. broad; its joints are short-cylindric to turbinate, 
8 to 15 cm. high and 5 to 7.5 cm. thick, 14 to iS-ribbed; areoles few in each rib, white-felted when 
young, elliptic; spines 2 to 5, somewhat flattened and appressed, about 1 cm. long, white with black 
tips. Dr. Shafer was told that its flowers are white. 
6. ECHINOPSIS Zuccarini, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen 2:675. 1837. 
Echinonyctanthus Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. io. 1839. 
Stems usually low, rarely over 3 dm. high, usually much shorter, generally globular or short- 
cylindric, but some species large, columnar, either solitary or clustered, with ribs either continuous 
or more or less undulate; areoles usually circular, borne on the ribs, felted and spiny; flowers arising 
from old areoles just above the spine-clusters, with a very long narrowly funnelform tube; perianth- 
segments comparatively short and broad, more or less spreading, usually white, rarely yellow or 
rose-colored*; filaments and style projecting beyond the throat but not beyond the perianth- 
segments; stamens in 2 series, weak; stigma-lobes of various colors, narrow; fruit globose to ovoid 
or sometimes narrowly oblong, splitting open on one side; seeds minute, oblique, obovate, truncate 
at base. 
Echinocactus eyriesii Turpin is the type of the genus. 
The generic name is from eyiTos hedgehog, and oyis appearance, referring to the 
armament of the plant. 
Some of the species have been taken up in Echinocactus or Echinonyctanthus , many in 
Cereus, while one species, though excluded from Echinopsis in our treatment, has also been 
referred to Cleistocactus and Pilocereus. 
In its flowers Echinopsis is like Trichocereus and somewhat like Harrisia, but in habit . 
it is abundantly distinct from these genera. In habit, although not in flowers, it seems 
to be the South American counterpart of the North American genus Echinocereus. Gar¬ 
deners and botanists generally have recognized it as a well-defined genus, but Bentham 
and Hooker in their Genera Plantarum reduced it to Cereus, and their course has been 
followed by some other English authors. While the genus as treated by Schumann contains 
mostly species of low stature there are some striking diversities in flowers and we have conse¬ 
quently segregated these under the generic names Lobivia and Rebutia. Schumann recog¬ 
nized 18 species of this genus. Von Rother states that he had 55 forms growing in his 
collection; some of these must have been hybrids of which there are many. We here 
recognize 28 species, but further field observations may prove that this number should 
be reduced. There are, however, more than 200 names published under Echinopsis to be 
accounted for. The known species inhabit southern South America, east of the Andes. 
Key to Species. 
A. Tube of perianth distinctly longer than limb. 
B. Flowers white to red or pinkish. 
C. Spines all straight, subulate. 
Inner perianth-segments thread-like. x. E. meyeri 
Inner perianth-segments broad. 
Stems slender, cylindric, much longer than thick. 
Fruit very slender. 2. E. mirabilis 
Fruit (so far as known) globular. 
Flowers 10 cm. long . 3. E. forbesii 
Flowers 1 7 to 20 cm. long. 
Central spines 1 to 4, 4 cm. long. 4 . E. huottii 
Central spine solitary, 5 to 6 cm. long. 5 . E. minuana 
‘In Echinopsis aurea and E.formosa the flowers are yellow, in E. multiplex and E. oxygona red to rose. 
