134 
the: cactaceae. 
bisnaga or visnaga, as are also other species of this relationship. Dr. Kew states that the 
Mexicans on the peninsula of Lower California often cut off the spines of this plant and 
use it as feed for cattle. 
Illustrations: Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: xoi; Bull. Soc. Acclim. 52: f. n; 
Mollers Deutsche Gart. Zeit. 25: 474. f. 10, as Echinocactus peninsulae. 
Figure 140 shows the spines of a specimen in the Engehnann herbarium collected by 
William M. Gabb in Lower California. 
Fig. 140. —Ferocactus peninsulae. Fig. 141. —Ferocactus robustus. 
14 . Ferocactus rectispinus (Engelmann). 
Echinocactus emoryi rectispinus Engelmann in Coulter, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 362. 1896. 
Echinocactus rectispinus Britton and Rose, Journ. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 12: 269. 1911. 
Globose to cylindric, 1 to 2 meters high; radial spines 8 to 12, the three upper spines stouter and 
sometimes curved; central spine one, 9 to 13 cm. long (not 30 to 32 cm. long), rather slender, nearly 
straight, never hooked; flowers 6 cm. long, yellowish; scales on ovary rounded, thin-margined, 
sometimes ciliate, naked in the axils; inner perianth-segments lemon-yellow, lanceolate, 5 cm. long, 
acuminate. 
Type locality: Vicinity of Muleje, Lower California. 
Distribution: Central Lower California. 
This species was described as a variety of Echinocactus emoryi (i. e. Ferocactus covillei ) 
by Dr. Coulter, but it seems distinct, especially in its spines. 
Mr. C. H. Thompson in Bailey’s Cyclopedia of American Horticulture assigned it to 
the southern United States, but this is erroneous. 
The type is Gabb’s No. 12, from Lower California. It consists of two clusters of spines 
and is now deposited in the herbarium of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 
Palmer’s specimen from Sonora, referred here by Coulter, may be F. wislizeni. 
Illustrations: Cycl. Amer. Hort. Bailey 2: 513. f. 745, as Echinocactus emoryi rectispinus; 
Stand. Cycl. Hort. Bailey 2: f. 1372, as Echinocactus rectispinus. 
Plate xiv, figure 2, shows the flowering top of a plant sent by Dr. Rose from the head 
of Concepcion Bay, Lower California, to the New York Botanical Garden in 1911. Figure 
142 is from a photograph of the type specimen obtained by William M. Gabb in 1867 
(No. 12). 
15 . Ferocactus orcuttii (Engelmann). 
Echinocactus orcuttii Engelmann, West Amer. Sci. 2: 46. 1886. 
Single, or cespitose in clusters of 15 to 20 stems, 6 to 13 dm. high, 2.5 to 4.5 dm. in diameter; 
ribs 13 to 30, somewhat spiraled, obtuse, somewhat tuberculate; areoles approximate; spines reddish, 
straight or simply curved, all annulate, angled or flat; radial spines 9 to 13, spreading; central spines 
4, stouter than the radials; flower 3 to 5 cm. long, dull crimson; perianth-segments short-oblong. 
