142 
THE CACTACEAE. 
Echinocactus curvicornis Miquel, Linnaea 12: 5. 1838. 
Echinocactus stellatus Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz. 8: 338. 1840. 
Cereus recurvus Steudel, Nom. ed. 2. 1: 335. 1840. 
Echinocactus solenacanthus Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz. 9: 50. 1841. 
Echinofossulocactus recurvus campylacanthus Lawrence in Loudon, Card. Mag. 17: 318. 1841. 
Echinocactus recurvus spiralis Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 348. 1898. 
Globular; ribs 15; radial spines straight, widely spreading; central spine solitary, erect, 7 cm. 
long, broad and flat, recurved at the tip, brownish red; flowers 2.5 to 4 cm. long; perianth-segments 
narrow, acute, red with white margins; ovary covered with ovate imbricated scales; fruit short, 
oblong, 2 cm. long, 12 mm. in diameter. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Eastern Mexico. 
This species is referred both to Mexico and Peru. It is undoubtedly from eastern 
Mexico for it is based on Cactus recurvus of Miller. In the original description Miller thus 
speaks of it, “The third sort was brought into England by the late Dr. William Houston 
who procured the plant from Mexico.” We do not know this species definitely, but plants 
collected by Dr. MacDougal and Dr. Rose in Tomellin Canyon, Oaxaca, answer the descrip¬ 
tion, but have flowers up to 4 cm. long. 
Fig. 149. —Ferocactus iohnsonii. Fig. 150. —Ferocactus nobilis. 
We have referred here the synonymy given by Schumann, but suspect some of it 
should be referred elsewhere. Our description is based on Miller’s original of Cactus 
recurvus for the stem and spines and on Pfeiffer’s original description of Echinocactus spiralis 
for the flower and fruit. Schumann’s description is somewhat different. 
Echinocactus spiralis stellaris Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 21. 1845), Echino¬ 
cactus stellaris Karwinsky, also mentioned here by Salm-Dyck as a synonym and by Hemsley 
(Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 1: 538. 1880) as a synonym of Echinocactus spiralis, and Melo- 
cactus besleri affinis (Forster, Handb. Cact. 320. 1846) doubtless are to be referred here. 
Echinocactus multangularis Voigt we do not know. It is cited by Schumann (Gesamtb. 
Kakteen 348) as a synonym of Echinocactus recurvus , but no place of publication is given. 
In the only list of Voigt which we have consulted (Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 1845) he lists 
three species of this genus, viz. ottonis, eyriesii, and cornigerus. These are followed by 
Cereus multangularis which suggests that a mistake has been made. Dr. John Hendley 
Barnhart suggests a different origin for the name of Echinocactus multangularis. It is 
to be noted that Forster’s Handbuch appeared the next year after the appearance of Voigt’s 
Calcutta List. Dr. Barnhart’s note is as follows; 
“I do not think that you have the correct explanation of the name Echinocactus multangularis 
Voigt. Schumann’s citation of this name as a synonym of E. recurvus appears to me to have been 
copied from the first edition of Forster’s Handbuch (1846), page 316, where under E. recurvus you 
will find the synonym ‘C.’ ( i. e., ‘Cactus') ‘multangularis Voigt.’ In other words Schumann has 
simply made the slip of writing ‘Echinocactus’ instead of ‘Cactus’ for the Voigt name. The name 
‘Cactus multangularis Voigt’ seems to go back in literature as one of the synonyms of this species 
