ECHINOCACTUS. 
169 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Mexico. 
We refer here the plant collected at Ixmiquilpan by Dr. Rose in 1905 but we have seen 
no authentic material. The original description is based upon small juvenile plants but, 
according to Karwinsky, it is a very large plant fully 2 meters high. Pfeiffer’s illustration 
of the flower, doubtless of the type, indicates that it is a true Echinocactus, but the narrow, 
entire, obtuse perianth-segments are veryunlike those of any species we know. Schumannhas 
referred here numerous names as synonyms, some of which may belong here while others do not. 
Echinocactus karwinskii Zucearini (Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 50. 1837) is referred here by 
Schumann. It is doubtless of this relationship. It is described as only 20 cm. high, with 
13 to 20 ribs. Its very woolly apex would suggest this relationship. The species came 
from Pachuca. If it were identical with Echinocactus ingens, it would replace it as it has 
page priority. E. karwinskianus (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 1: 126. 1891) is undoubtedly 
the same. Melocactus ingens Karwinsky (Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 54. 1837) is given as a 
synonym, but never published, Echinocactus macracanthus De Vriese (Tijdschr. Natuurl. 
Geschild. 6: 49. pi. 2. 1839) is referred here also by Schumann. It, too, has been described 
from a juvenile plant. From the illustration we would judge that it was of this relationship, 
Figs. 185 and 186.—Echinocactus ingens. 
but certainly a different species. Echinocactus minax Lemaire (Cact. Aliq. Nov. 18. 1838) 
is referred by Schumann to E. ingens. Its spotted stem suggests a young plant of E. 
grandis. It is indeed a small plant, being only 5 inches high and is doubtless only a juve¬ 
nile. It is described as globose, depressed, subumbilicate, green, with 13 ribs. The 
flowers were unknown and it is impossible to identify it definitely. Echinocactus platyceras 
Eemaire (Cact. Aliq. Nov. 19. 1838; Echinojossulocactus platyceras Lawrence in Loudon, 
Gard. Mag. 17: 318. 1841) is also described from a juvenile plant, but Lemaire states that 
it and E. minax are sometimes 6 and even 10 feet high. From his illustrations (f. 3 and 4) 
it is evidently related to E. grandis and E. ingens. E. minax laevior Lemaire (Labouret, 
Monogr. Cact. 192. 1853), E. platyceras laevior (Forster, Handb. Cact. 325. 1846), and 
E. platyceras minax Salm-Dyck (Forster, Handb. Cact. 324. 1846) must be different names 
for this plant. Echinocactus helophorus Lemaire (Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 12. 1839; E. ingens 
helophorus Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 317. 1898) and its two varieties laevior and 
longifossulatus Lemaire (Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 13. 1839) are possibly the same as E. minax 
but all are without flowers and without definite habitat. E. aulacogonus Lemaire 
(Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 14. 1839) and the variety diacopaulax Lemaire (Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 
