69 



ales, including C. rangiferina , mitis, sylvatica and tenuis, and a 

 little impexa; and C. Boryi, caroliniana and uncialis, were fre- 

 quent, covering many acres almost exclusively. Cetraria island- 

 ica occurs, mixed with the CJadoniae, as it does in some places 

 on eastern Long Island. Here I found C. Boryi with apothecia, 

 for the first time in my experience, a very pretty lichen, with 

 the brown fruits. Dr. Evans, up to that time, had seen fruiting 

 C. Boryi only from.Wellfleet, on Cape Cod, but later I found 

 it profusely fruiting, at Nauset, Eastham, and South Chatham, 

 on Cape Cod, and on Nantucket. It fruits more commonly 

 northward, and diminishes in fertility southward, most ma- 

 terial on Long Island and New Jersey being sterile. In my obser- 

 vation, on Nantucket and Cape Cod, C. Boryi, f. lacunosa is 

 usually sterile, while f. reticulata, with cups, is often fertile, and 

 apothecia are also found on the old, weathered, extremely per- 

 forated f. cribrosa. 



A novelty to Dr. Evans was a very dwarfed C. squamosa, 

 growing on the upper sides of cedar fence rails on a farm near 

 Tisbury Pond, which Dr. Heinrich Sandstede determined as 

 f. clavariella. A species which I had not found on Long Island, 

 although I find it in central and northern New York, in old 

 fields, open woods, and around ledges, was C. multiformis, f. 

 Fi?ikii, south of Vineyard Haven. 



The most barren soils, in several places on the island, yielded 

 about the same Cladonia associations, as in such soils on Long 

 Island: C. strepsilis, f. coralloidea; C. papilaria, f. molariformis ; 

 C. pyxidata, var. neglecta, f. simplex; C. pleurota, C. subcariosa, 

 f. evoluta; C. cristatella, fif. Beauvoisii, vestita and scyphulifera; 

 C. bacillaris, and C. nemoxyna, f. fibula. C. squamosa, not dis- 

 tinctive enough to refer to any forms, occurred in wooded areas. 

 I looked in vain for C. floridana, but suspect further search 

 might disclose it. 



I had to leave the western end of Martha's Vineyard, in- 

 cluding Gay Head, for another time, but I am sure the sandy, 

 dune areas there would be rewarding. No Man's Land, ofif the 

 west end, is a terra incognita for Cladoniae, although a few 

 bits of C. uncialis collected hastily there for me by the late 

 Allen C. Eaton, of the Audubon Society, suggest associations 

 like those of the larger island. 



A trip to Nantucket, of two days, was made in May, 1937, 



