R V v 

 i YO*K 

 BOTANICAL 



QALLUHH 



TORREYA 



Vol. 35 July-August, 1935 No. A 



The Cladoniae of New Jersey 1 

 \i bxander W. Evans 



In certain parts of New Jersey, particularly in the pine bar- 

 rens and in sheltered localities along the coast, the Cladoniae 

 constitute an important and conspicuous part of the vegeta- 

 tion. The largest and most striking of the species belong to the 

 subgenus Cladina, which includes the so-called "reindeer 

 mosses," and to the subsection Unciales of the subgenus Ceno- 

 myce. In many regions species belonging to these two groups 

 grow in large tufts or mats and cover over extensive areas, either 

 by themselves or in association with herbaceous plants or low- 

 shrubs. Another group, the section Cocciferae of the subgenus 

 Cenomyce, is characterized by scarlet apothecia, which are es- 

 pecially vivid in moist weather. Although the species of this 

 group are less robust than the Cladinae and Unciales, they read- 

 ily attract attention. The remaining species are brown-fruited 

 forms belonging to the subgenus Pycnothelia and to the subsec- 

 tions Chasmariae and Clausae of the subgenus Cenomyce. A few 

 of these may be as large as the Cladinae and Unciales, but the 

 majority are smaller and relatively inconspicuous. Perhaps the 

 most striking among them are those with cups, which may be 

 wide open or closed by continuous membranes. 



One of the earliest botanists, if not the earliest, to study the 

 Cladoniae of New Jersey was C. F. Austin of Closter, Bergen 

 County, who collected extensively in the vicinity of his home 

 town. The first published references to his specimens are ap- 

 parently those in Tuckerman's Genera Lichenum (20), which 

 appeared in 1872. Two species, C. mitrula and C. lepidota, are 

 here accredited to the state on the authority of Austin. A few- 

 years later Austin prepared a list of the New Jersey lichens 



1 Contribution from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory. 



81 



