103 



According to Vainio the number of proliferations in C. caly- 

 cantka may be as high as twelve, whereas in ( '. vcrticillala the 

 number never exceeds six. This distinction, unfortunately, is 

 not of wide application. In many specimens of C. calycantha 

 the number of proliferations is fewer than six, in young podetia 

 only a single proliferation may be present, and even this may be 

 rudimentary. Vainio's careful descriptions of the histology of 

 the two species bring out very few differences between them. 

 In the writer's experience, however, the podetial cortex in C. 

 verticillata is more continuous and thicker than in C. calycantha, 

 being 20-30^ thick in the first and only 10-2(V thick in the 

 second. This difference shows clearly in cross-sections, but fur- 

 ther observations will be necessary to prove its constancy. 



28a.* Cladonia calycantha f. foliosa Vainio, Acta Soc. 

 F. et Fennica 10: 203. 1894 (18, pi. 4, f. 4, as C. calycantha). 

 Burlington: Speedwell (1932) and West Plains (1932). Ocean: 

 Bamber Lake (Dillman, 1934), near Barnegat (E. C. and G. M. 

 Leonard, 1928), Double Trouble (1932), Dover Forge (Dillman, 

 1934), Lakehurst (Torrey, 1934), Laurelton (Torrey, 1934), 

 Davenport Branch of Tom's River (Dillman, 1934), and near 

 Whiting's (Torrey, 1933). The podetia in this form are more or 

 less strongly squamulose. 



29. Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. (4, p. 462). On earth 

 in fields and open woods. Austin's list (2, p. 164) records C. 

 pyxidata from Closter, and Eckfeldt (3, p. 372) describes the 

 species as common in New Jersey. The older writers, however, 

 included both esorediose and sorediose forms under the species. 

 Since the latter are now considered specifically distinct, the older 

 records for C. pyxidata can be interpreted only by the study of 

 the actual specimens upon which they were based. Unfortu- 

 nately there are no New Jersey specimens so labeled in either the 

 Austin or the Eckfeldt collections, and those in the Tuckerman 

 collection, six in number, all are sorediose. The writer has seen 

 only one New Jersey specimen, in fact, which is referable to 

 the true C. pyxidata. This represents the following form: — 



29aa.* Cladonia pyxidata var. neglecta (Floerke) Mass. 

 f. simplex (Ach.) Harm. (4, p. 464; 12, pi. 212, f. 3). Warren: 

 Kittatiny Mountain (Torrey, 1933, det. Sandstede, as C. pyxi- 

 data) . 



