76 



And yet, in sexual reproduction, there is the inescapable 

 phenomenon that two cells, two whole cells, not merely chro- 

 mosomes, two cell organizations unite and from that intimate 

 union of all parts of the gametes — omnis cellula e cellula. 



Cecil Yampolsky 



Botany Department, Columbia University 



FIELD TRIPS OF THE CLUB 



Trip to Nepera Park and the Boyce Thompson Institute on 

 March 25. A party of thirty was met at the Boyce Thompson 

 Arboretum by Mr. J. H. Beale and taken through the nursery 

 where a great variety of trees and shrubs are growing. Some of 

 the heathers were already in blossom, a planting of Erica carnea 

 showing as a bright patch of pale purple on the hillside above 

 the nursery. From the nursery the party followed a new road 

 to the top of Sprain Ridge, noting the planting that had been 

 done on the summit of the ridge and at the edge of the woods. 

 Dead and dying trees in the woods have been cut out, other- 

 wise the woods are in their natural condition. Few flowers were 

 in evidence, — a few blossoms of periwinkle, Vinca minor, where 

 it had become established in an open place, a dandelion or two 

 and the catkins of alder and hazelnut comprised the total. The 

 gray pussies of large-toothed aspen were well grown, but not 

 yet shedding pollen. In the afternoon the party visited the 

 Boyce Thompson Institute where Dr. P. W. Zimmerman ex- 

 plained some of the work being done in the laboratories and 

 greenhouses. Much interest was shown in the experiments of 

 using wastes from pulp factories, chiefly lignin, for mushroom 

 culture instead of manure. The initiation of root growth on 

 cuttings by treatment with carbon monoxide was very striking 

 and led to a discussion as to the effects of the gas on plants and 

 animals. The effect of oxygenating water in which cuttings were 

 being rooted was equally striking, the stems in cylinders through 

 which oxygen was bubbling being covered with roots from the 

 surface of the water to the bottom, while those in the control 

 cylinders had comparatively few roots and those all near the 

 surface. 



George T. Hastings 



