48 



of vernacular names — Ulu-ma'a in Samoa; Uto-sore in Fiji; 

 Dugdug or dogdog in Guam; Tipolo or Afttipolo in the Philippines; 

 Bulla in the Solomon Islands; Breadnut in Burma; and Castana 

 in the West Indies. Although rare in the Hawaiian group, it 

 "grows everywhere in Guam — in the w^oods, on rocky cliffs, and 

 in low, sandy soil. It is the chief source of timber and of gum, 

 the seedless lemae being too valuable as a fruit tree to be used 

 generally for these articles. The fruit of the dugdug is inferior 

 to that of the lemae, than which it is softer and more sweetish. 

 It is seldom eaten, but its seeds, called 'nangka' . . . are rich 

 in oil and are relished by the natives. They are eaten roasted 

 or boiled and are much like chestnuts." This use of the seeds 

 by the natives is not confined to Guam, but occurs in all countries 

 where the seeded form grows. 



The second species of Artocarpus found in the Hawaiian 

 Islands is the Jakfruit or Jackfruit, A. integrifolia L. It is 

 native to Indo-Malaysia, and was introduced by Mr. David 

 Forbes, of Kukuihaele, Hawaii. It is a large handsome tree 

 rising twenty-five to eighty feet. The leaves are four to six 

 inches long, and quite variable in shape; entire or sometimes 

 three-lobed, obovate or oblong, very shortly acuminate, base 

 acute; glossy; stipules spathaceous, deciduous. The flowers 

 resemble those of the breadfruit, except that the female flowers 

 are borne on the old wood and trunk. The fruit is very large, 

 twelve to thirty inches long and six to twelve inches in diameter; 

 the weight varied from twenty to sixty pounds. The rind is 

 green and conspicuously muricate. The flesh is strongly odorous, 

 and when fully ripe is literally overpowering. It is decidedly 

 inferior to the breadfruit. The wood of the Jakfruit is yellow 

 when first cut, but soon darkens to a rich mahogany color. It 

 is used in Asia and Europe for musical instruments, marquetry 

 work, brush backs, and for other fancy and ornamental purposes. 

 The Jakfruit is not common enough in Hawaii to be of any 

 commercial importance. 



The most important factor in the development of the bread- 

 fruit as a commerical possibility in the Hawaiian Islands is the 

 oceanic transportation. The fruit is a poor shipper, and until 



