162 



common throughout the northern and central sections of Maine 

 and extends southward to the coast in Hancock and Knox 

 counties, and occurs along riverbanks in Kennebec and Andro- 

 scoggin counties.* Fossil forms of this species have been 

 recorded from both the interglacial (warm) and intermediate 

 floras of the Don Valley, Ontario. 



Ilex verticillata at the present time ranges from Nova Scotia 

 to Florida and is common throughout the state of Maine. It 

 has not heretofore been known in the fossil state. 



Gayhissacia diimosa is found at the present time in sandy 

 bogs from southern Newfoundland to northern Florida, southern 

 Alabama and'southeastern Mississippi. In Maine it is common 

 in bogs near the coast, extending inland locally to Manchester 

 in Piscataquis County and Orono in Penobscot County. It has 

 not heretofore been known in the fossil state. 



Vaccinium corymhosum is found at the present time in swamps, 

 thickets and woods from Newfoundland to Virginia and westward 

 locally to Minnesota. In Maine it is abundant throughout the 

 state near the coast and extends inland to Oxford, Somerset, 

 Piscataquis and Penobscot counties. It has been found fossil 

 in the Talbot formation of Maryland, the Chowan formation of 

 North Carolina and the late Pleistocene of Alabama. 



The foregoing four species occur as stray individuals that were 

 brought by stream action to the place of deposition of the 

 marine clays, in which they are associated with abundant traces 

 of the invertebrate fauna. In the case of the Gayhissacia and 

 the Popidus the single hand specimens contain several shells. 

 This marine fauna as it is represented at Waterville contains 22 

 determined species of a decidedly cold water facies, at least one 

 of the forms not being known south of Labrador at the present 

 time and several others being distinctly arctic types. The plants 

 on the other hand afford conclusive evidence that the terrestrial 

 climate at the time they were living could not have been very 

 different from the present climate of the coast region of Maine, 

 judging from the fact that the Gayhissacia and the Vaccinium 



* I am greatly indebted to Professor M. L. Fernald, of Harvard University, 

 whose accurate and detailed knowledge of the distribution of New England plants 

 has been graciously placed at mj' disposal. 



