22 



Areas Studied 



A study was made of two virgin forests and eleven areas which 

 are being reforested. A short description will be given of each 

 followed by a table summarizing the species. 



On a clay moranic ridge 4 km. west of Pellston is Area A, a 

 virgin beech-maple forest. This was a part of the original virgin 

 forest when white men first entered the country and it is main- 

 taining itself perfectly. The chief trees are Acer saccharum, 

 Fagus grandifolia, and Ulmus americana. There are several 

 hemlock knolls where the shade is greater. Because of fallen 

 trees there is a good deal of sunlight in certain places, resulting 

 in a great variety of ground plants and shrubs. 



Area B is a virgin beech-maple forest near areas 5, 6, and 7. 

 The principal trees observed were Acer saccharum, Betiila lutea, 

 Fagus grandifolia, Fraxinus americana, Tilia glabra, Tsuga 

 canadensis, and Ulmus americana. Many of these trees are 

 very large. The soil is very rich and the humus-leaf cover is 

 about 20 cm. in depth. Parts of this area are low, and here 

 more lowland forms are found. Abundance of seedlings insures 

 indefinite repetition of the forest unless man interferes. 



Various areas which were once beech-maple forests (locally 

 called hardwoods) and have been disturbed by fire, lumbering, 

 or cutting, were examined to determine the nature of the reforest- 

 ation. The drainage and soil of these areas are good, and the 

 topography rolling. 



About 0.8 km. west of Bryant's Hotel on a slope was a beech- 

 maple forest known as Bryant's Hardwoods (area i). This was 

 lumbered in the winter of 1911-1.912, and in 1914 it was covered 

 with Epilohium angustifolium . From 1917 until 1920 every 

 indication showed that this region would be typically aspen. 

 However by 1921 small beeches and maples began to become 

 dominant. The aspen association was nipped in the bud al- 

 though many ground plants are still characteristic of the aspen 

 association. Now the trees are almost entirely Fagus grandi- 

 folia, Acer saccharum, and Acer rubrum. These trees are less 

 than ten years of age and show every indication of vigorous 

 growth and spread. 



About 0.2 km. from Douglas Lake at North Fishtail Bay on a 

 slope toward the lake is an area known as North Fishtail Hard- 

 woods (area 2). In 1915 it was a fine beech-maple forest. 



