CORYPHANTHA. 4 I 



In young plants the spines are not so numerous, the central spine is single, porrect, 

 slightly curved, with black tips. 



Figure 38 is from a photograph of the plant collected at the type locality in 1906. 



27. Coryphantha pycnacantha (Martius) Lemaire, Cactees 35. 1868. 



? Mammillaria latimamma De CandoUe, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 17: 114. 1828. 



Mammillaria pycnacantha Martius, Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 16: 325. 1832. 

 ? Mammillaria acanlhosiephes Lehmann, AUg. Gartenz. 3: 228. 1835. 



Mammillaria arietina Lemaire * Cact. Aliq. Nov. 10. 1838. 



Mammillaria scepontocentra Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 43. 1839. 



Mammillaria arietina spinosior Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 94. 1839. 



Mammillaria pycnacantha spinosior Monville in Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 14. 1845. 



Mammillaria magnimamma arietina Salm-Dyck in Forster, Handb. Cact. 235. 1846. 



Mammillaria winkleri Forster, AUg. Gartenz. 15: 50. 1847. 



Mammillaria magnimamma lutescens Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 17, 121. 1850. 



Echinocactus winkleri Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853. 

 ? Echinocactus acanthostephes Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853. 



Echinocactus pycnacanthus Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853. 



Mammillaria acanthostephes recta Hortus in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 138. 1853. 

 ? Coryphantha acanthostephes Lemaire, Cactees 35. 1868. 



Cactus acanthostephes Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 260. 1891. 



Cactus latimamma Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 260. 1891. 



Cactus pycnacanthus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 261. 1891. 



Cactus scepontocentrus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 261. 1891. 



Cactus winkleri Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 261. 1891. 



Plant solitary, globular to cylindric, about 8 cm. high; tubercles broad, grooved above, glaucous- 

 green; radial spines 10 to 12, slender, 10 to 16 mm. long; central spines about 4, stouter than the 

 radials, about 25 mm. long, more or less curved backward, usually black; flowers from near center 

 of plant, 25 mm. in diameter, yellowish; perianth-segments numerous, very narrow; stigma-lobes 5 

 or 6, white. 



Type locality: Near the city of Oaxaca, Mexico. 



Distribution: Oaxaca, Mexico. 



The skeleton of the type of this species is preserved in the Munich Museum and Dr. 

 Rose obtained a cluster of spines from this specimen in 1912. 



Coryphantha pycnacantha has long been a desideratum. In September 1920 Professor 

 Conzatti sent several small plants from near the type locality. In these, the radial spines 

 are white, the centrals (3) are nearly black, and all more or less curved backward. In the 

 center of the plant a quantity of white wool is developed, so abundant that it can be 

 gathered for commercial use. With the specimens of Professor Conzatti are samples of 

 the wool with an inquiry as to its value as a fiber. 



Mammillaria magnimamma spinosior Lemaire (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 

 12. 1845) was not described at the place here cited. Labouret afterwards refers it as a 

 synonym of M. magnimamma lutescens. 



Mammillaria cephalophora Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 137. 1850; Echino- 

 cactus cephalophorus Poselger, Allg. Gartenz. 21: 102. 1853; Cactus cephalophorus Kuntze, 

 Rev. Gen. PI. i: 260. 1891) was a new name for Melocactus mammillariaeformis'\ Salm- 

 Dyck (Allg. Gartenz. 4: 148. 1836). It was first described as a Melocactus (because of its 

 woolly crown), but it seems to be more like a Coryphantha. Its exact origin in Mexico 

 seems to be unknown and the flowers had not been described up to 1850. Pfeiffer stated 

 that the seeds obtained from a dead plant were similar to those of Mammillaria coronaria. 

 Schumann discussed it under M. pycnacantha in a note. Hemsley (Biol. Centr. Amer. 

 Bot. 1 : 502) listed it as a Melocactus. 



Mammillaria pycnacantha scepontocentra Monville (Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 136. 1853) 

 belongs here by implication. 



Mammillaria magnimamma Otto was referred by De Candolle (Mem. Cact. 17. 1834) 

 to his M. latimamma, now referred to this species. 



* Schumann refers this name as a synonym of Mammillaria centricirrha. 

 t Schumann spells this name Melocactus mamillariiformis. 



