ESCOBARIA. 55 



Illustrations: Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 12, f. i to 16, as Mammillaria tuberculosa; 

 Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 417. f. 46; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 235. f. 149, as M. 

 strohilijormis . 



Figure 51 is from a photograph of the plant sent by Dr. Shreve from near El Paso, 

 Texas, in 1920. 



2. Escobaria dasyacantha (Engelmann). 



Mammillaria dasyacantha Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 268. 1856. 

 Cactus dasyacanthus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 259. 1891. 



Globose to short-oblong, usually 4 to 7 cm. in diameter but sometimes 20 cm. long; radial spines 

 20 or more, white, bristle-like; central spines about 9, stouter and longer than the radials, upper half 

 usually reddish or brownish, often 2 cm. long; flowers pinkish; perianth-segments narrowly oblong, 

 ciliate, apiculate ; stigma-lobes green ; fruit clavate, scarlet, 15 to 20 mm. long; seeds black, i mm. in 

 diameter, slightly flattened, pitted, with a narrow white subbasal hilum. 



Type locality: El Paso and eastward. 



Distribution: Western Texas, southern New Mexico, and northern Chihuahua. 



We have examined the type of this species which was collected by Charles Wright at 

 El Paso in 1852. 



Escobaria dasyacantha is sometimes mistaken for Escobaria tuberculosa, but the stems 

 are usually globose and the seeds larger and of a different shape. Engelmann speaks of its 

 resemblance to Echinocactus intertextus dasyacanthus, now Echinomastus dasyacanthus, but 

 this is only superficial, for the flowers, fruit, and seeds of the two species are very different. 

 The name Coryphantha dasyacantha occurs in C. R. Orcutt's Circular to Cactus Fanciers, 

 1922. We had never seen this plant in cultivation until it was recently sent by Mrs. S. 

 I/. Pattison from western Texas. 



Illustrations: Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 12, f. 17 to 22, as Mammillaria dasyacantha. 



Plate VII, figure i, shows a plant sent by Mrs. S. L- Pattison from near El Paso, Texas, 

 in 192 1 which flowered in the New York Botanical Garden. Figure 52 is from a photo- 

 graph of another plant sent by Mrs. Pattison from the same region. 



3. Escobaria chihuahuensis sp. no v. 



Plants often solitary, perhaps also cespitose, globose to short-cylindric, very spiny; tubercles 

 short, usually hidden by the spines; radial spines numerous, spreading; central spines several, longer 

 than radials, usually brown or black in upper part; flowers small, i to 1.5 cm. long, purple; outer 

 perianth-segments broad, often rounded at apex with ciliate margins; inner perianth-segments 

 pointed. 



Common in the mountains near Chihuahua, where it was collected by Palmer (No. 72, 

 type) in 1908 and by Pringle (Nos. 250, 251) in 1885. 



This plant should be compared with Mammillaria grusonii Riinge (Gartenflora 38: 

 105. f. 20. 1889). L. Quehl believed that M. grusonii was closely related to M. scheeri, but 

 he apparently knew it only from the original illustration and description. It does not 

 suggest any of the species of Coryphantha to us. 



4. Escobaria runyonii sp. nov. 



Cespitose, with numerous (sometimes 100) globose to short-oblong heads, grayish green, 3 to 

 5 cm. long with fibrous roots ; tubercles 5 mm. long, terete in section with very narrow groove above ; 

 groove at first white- woolly, not glandular; radial spines numerous, acicular, white, 4 to 5 mm. long; 

 central spines stouter than radials, 5 to 7, slightly spreading with brown or black tips, 6 to 8 mm. 

 long; flowers 1.5 cm. long, pale purple; segments with a dark purple stripe down the middle and 

 pale margins; outer perianth-segments narrow-oblong, with thin ciliate margins; inner perianth- 

 segments narrower than the outer, with margins entire, acute; filaments purplish; style very pale; 

 stigma-lobes 6, green; fruit scarlet, globose to short-oblong, 6 to 9 mm. long, juicy. 



Collected by Robert Runyon in July 1921 and again in October of the same year near 

 Reynosa, Mexico, about 75 miles up the Rio Grande from Brownsville, Texas, and on 



