NEOMAMMII^IvARIA. 87 



Mammillaria staurotypa (Forster, Handb. Cact. 221. 1846), credited to Scheidweiler 

 by Schumann and referred by him as a synonym of M. caput-medusae, seems never to have 

 been described but may belong here. 



The two varieties of Mammillaria caput-medusae, tetracantha and hexacantha, given 

 by Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 10. 1845) are without description. The first 

 was afterwards described by Labouret. 



Illustrations: De Candolle, Mem. Cact. pi. 8; Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 344. f. 36; 

 Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 589. f. 95; Diet. Card. Nicholson 4: 565. f. 38; Suppl. 518. 

 f. 556 ; Watson, Cact. Cult. 175. f. 70, as Mammillaria sempervivi; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 

 270. f. 192; Succulenta 5: 51, as M. caput-medusae. 



Figure 79 is a reproduction of the first illustration cited above. 



27. Neomammillaria obscura (Hildmann). 



Mammillaria obscura Hildmann, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. i: 52. 1891. 



Solitary, depressed-globose, blackish green; axils woolly; tubercles arranged in 13 and 21 spirals, 

 angled, stout, woolly in their axils but not setose; radial spines 6 to 8, subulate, white, unequal, the 

 upper ones shorter than the lower; central spines 2 to 4, the lower one slightly curved, black; flowers 

 small, yellowish white. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Mexico, but range unknown. 



The plant is known to us only from description and illustration. 



Seeds of this species were introduced into Germany from Mexico about 1885 by Mr. 

 Droege and flowers were obtained in 1 89 1 . 



The earlier name, Mammillaria obscura Scheidweiler (Forster, Handb. Cact. 213. 

 1846), but used only as a synonym and for some other plant, does not interfere with our 

 present use of the name. 



Illustration: Monatsschr. Kakteenk. i: facing 52, as Mammillaria obscura. 



28. Neomammillaria crocidata (Lemaire). 



Mammillaria crocidata Lemaire, Cact. Aliq. Nov. 9. 1838. 

 Mammillaria webbiana Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 45. 1839. 

 Cactus crocidatus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. i: 260. 1891. 

 Cactus webbianus Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 1: 261. 1891. 



Plant globose or a little depressed, 5 to 6 cm. in diameter; radial spines 6 or 7, dark brown or 

 nearly black ; central spines none ; axils of tubercles in young plant densely woolly ; flowers from axils 

 of old tubercles near the top of plant, small, reddish purple, 12 to 14 mm. long; outer perianth- 

 segments ciliate; inner perianth-segments acuminate; filaments, style, and stigma-lobes reddish; 

 stigma-lobes 3 or 4; fruit not seen. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Central Mexico. 



Described here from plants collected by Dr. Rose near Queretaro, Mexico, in 1906, 

 which flowered in August and September 1908, and again in April 1909 (No. 1072). Our 

 specimen has more spines than the original M. crocidata ; it is also near M. carnea but with 

 different colored stigma-lobes; its tubercles are about 6 mm. high. 



Schumann places this species near M. carnea and among the cylindric species, but it was 

 originally described as depressed. 



Mammillaria crocidata quadrispina Pfeiffer and Salm-Dyck, mentioned by Forster 

 (Handb. Cact. 220. 1846) as a rare form and afterwards briefly described by Labouret 

 (Monogr. Cact. 93. 1853), may or may not belong here. 



Plate VII, figure 5, shows a flowering plant collected by Dr. Rose in Queretaro in 1906 

 and painted in the New York Botanical Garden, September 5, 1911. 



