70 



least cordate with margins crenate or crenate-serrate. Cleistog- 

 amous flowers on simply horizontal peduncles. 

 Viola cucullata Ait. Hort. Kew. 316. pi. 12. 1789. 



V. palmata var. cucullata A. Gray, Bot. Gaz. 11 : 254. 1886. 



The common " bog-meadow" violet of this region, with pale 

 green foliage, cucullate leaves, and slender cleistogamous flow- 

 ers on slender, erect peduncles. 

 Viola papilionacea Pursh, Fl. Am. 1: 173. 18 14. 



V. obliqua Britton & Brown, 111. Fl. 2: 447. 1897. Not 

 Hill, Hort. Kew. 316.//. 12. 1769. 



V. communis Pollard, Bot. Gaz. 26: 326. 1898. 



A violet of moist or low meadows and shady situations about 

 dwellings ; not rare, but until recently confused with V. obliqua 

 and V. cucullata. 

 Viola obliqua Hill, Hort. Kew. 316.//. 12. 1769. Not V. 



obliqua Britton & Brown, 111. Fl. 2 : 447. 1897. 



V. affinis LeConte, Ann. N. Y. Lye. 2 : 138. 1828. 



Not a rare violet in swamps and wet meadows. The descrip- 

 tion in Britton's Manual of the Northern States and Canada ap- 

 plies well to the central New York form. 

 Viola crenulata Greene, Pittonia, 4: 295. 1901. 



A small, tufted, bog-meadow violet with small crenate, glab- 

 rous leaves on short petioles ; flowering scapes greatly exceeding 

 the leaves, the flowers pale-violet. Resembling V. cucullata in 

 its foliage and habitat, but differing from it in its tufted appear- 

 ance and cleistogamous flowers on very short deflexed or at least 

 horizontal peduncles. 



Viola odorata L. Sp. PI. 934. 1753. 



Introduced and rather common. 

 Viola rotundifolia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 150. 1803. 



Not common in central New York. I have collected speci- 

 mens in Herkimer county and have seen specimens collected in 

 Madison county. Reported from the vicinity of Syracuse. 

 Viola Selkirkii Pursh; Goldie, Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6 : 324. 



1822. 



Locally abundant in Herkimer, Oneida, Madison and Onon- 



